Tentaaa

Question 1

CBT is an abbreviation for… (1p)

Select one alternative:

• Compulsive Behaviour Treatment
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
• Cognitive Biological Treatment
• Comorbidity Balancing Therapy

Answer 1

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (förändra beteendemönster)

Question 2

Ange det korrekta påståendet om ångest! (1p)

Välj ett alternativ:

• Vid ångest ska alltid farmakologisk behandling ges
• Ångest är alltid ett psykiatriskt och patologiskt tillstånd
• Ångest är ett symtom vid flera psykiatriska sjukdomstillstånd

Answer 2

• Ångest är ett symtom vid flera psykiatriska sjukdomstillstånd

Question 3

Comorbidity in a psychiatric context means… (1p)

Select one alternative:

• More than one member of the family suffers from psychiatric illness
• Self-harm with fatal (leading to death) outcome
• The person suffers from more than one psychiatric condition
• Number of persons committing suicide each year in a specific country

Answer 3

• The person suffers from more than one psychiatric condition

Question 4

SSRI is an abbreviation for… (1p)

Select one alternative:

• …Selective Serotonin Reuptake Increase
• …Serotonergic Syndrome Risk Inhibitor
• …Selective Sertraline Reuptake Increase
• …Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor

Answer 4

• …Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor

Question 5

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DSM-5, is a scale used in suicide assessment. (1p)

Choose the correct alternative:

• True
• False

Answer 5

• False

Question 6

The most common side effect of SNDI/mirtazapin is weight loss (2p)

Select one alternative:

• False
• True

Answer 6

• False

Question 7

In your roll as a nurse, what is important to consider when meeting a patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder? One or more alternative is correct. (3p)

Välj ett eller flera alternativ:

• To give step by step information
• Recurring encounters should follow the same routines
• To palpate the patient’s extremities with a firm grip and avoid strong odors and sudden sounds
• To speak with a loud voice

Answer 7

• To give step by step information
• Recurring encounters should follow the same routines
• To palpate the patient’s extremities with a firm grip and avoid strong odors and sudden sounds

Question 8

You are a nurse at the medical center. One of your nurse colleagues tells you that he has an appointment with a patient diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder for a blood pressure check. By reading the physician’s documentation he understands that the patient has disabilities and impairments related to the psychiatric disorder.

Your colleague knows that every individual with ASD is unique, but he seeks your general advice on what to consider in the encounter with a patient with ASD.

• What general advice can you give your colleague? Give 3 suggestions, describe and justify your suggestions! (6p)

Answer 8

• Bristande mentaliseringsförmåga
• svårt att se sig själv i ett annat perspektiv och förstå hur andra tycker och tänker.
• Minska stora förändringar, ej uppskattat
• Hastigt uppkomna/ ändrad planer, leder till oro.
• Rutinbrott leder till känslan av att ”allt faller samman”
• Personer i autismspektrumet har ofta en grej som dem är väldigt insnöade på och kan allt om ex. tåg eller indisk kultur, finns alltid något att prata om.
• Det sociala spelet är ej deras starkaste sida.
• De tycker generellt inte om beröring.
• Ljus- och ljudkänsliga.
• De tycker det är obehagligt med ögonkontakt.
• Vill ha det “på deras sätt”
• Svårt med kroppsspråk

Råd: Ifall planer eller dylikt behöver förändras, informera patienten långt innan förändringen kommer äga rum. De har svårt att driva ett samtal, även fast de är intresserade, en tyst minut är inget dåligt. Hitta patientens hobby för att använda det som verktyg att driva vidare i samtalet ifall det tar stopp. Undvik kroppskontakt, ifall ej möjligt prioritera extremiteterna.

Question 9

1. You work as a nurse at a health center and will now have an ECG (EKG) on a patient who has been diagnosed with PTSD after sexual abuse. You know that every individual with PTSD is unique. But what do you need to consider in the encounter with this specific patient?
2. What is the most common psychological therapy for PTSD as well as other anxiety disorders?
3. What is the most common pharmacologic Therapy for patient suffering from anxiety disorders?

(totalt 4p)

Answer 9

1. Om det är motsatta könet så ska man vara lyhörd och se till att det är okej att man genomför undersökningen. Förklara hur undersökningen kommer gå till innan så hon är förberedd på att du kommer antasta brösten.
2. KBT Kognitiv beteende terapi
3. SSRI-preparat (Selektiva serotoninåterupptagshämmare), SNRI

Question 10

Choose the correct statement about anxiety! (1p)

Select one alternative:

• Anxiety is always a pathologic and psychiatric condition
• Anxiety must be treated with pharmacological therapies
• Anxiety is a symptom in several psychiatric disorders

Answer 10

• Anxiety is a symptom in several psychiatric disorders

Question 11

Choose the correct symptoms and conditions related to Bipolar II Disorder (1p)

Select one alternative:

• Periods of depression, euthymia/neutral mood, hypomania and mania
• Periods of depression, euthymia/neutral mood and hypomania

Answer 11

• Periods of depression, euthymia/neutral mood, hypomania

Question 12

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DSM-5, is a scale used in suicide assessment (1p)

Select one alternative:

• True
• False

Answer 12

• False

Question 13

Symptoms and conditions associated with Major Depressive Disorder (1p)

Select one alternative:

• Period of depression
• Period of mania
• Period of hypomania and mania

Answer 13

• Period of depression

Question 14

Describe psychosis and schizophrenia and how the concepts are related to eachother! (4p)

Answer 14

Psykos är ett tillstånd med en grupp av symtom (hallucinationer, vanföreställning) som indikerar på att man har tappat verklighetsuppfattningen. Psykos har en utlösande faktor, vilket kan differentiera från person till person, ex. efter födsel av barn eller Schizofreni. Schizofreni är en psykiatrisk psykossjukdom som speglar diverse symtom som apati, defekt social funktion och psykos. Vanligt att en person med Schizofreni får psykos men det behöver inte vara tvärtom.

Question 15

Treating elder persons with SSRI is associated with… (1p)

Select one alternative:

• Risk of hyponatremia
• Risk of fractures and fall injuries
• Risk of addiction

Answer 15

• Risk of hyponatremia

Question 16

True or false statement?

Depressions are more common among men compared to women of physiological and psychosocial reasons? (1p)

Select one alternative:

• False
• True

Answer 16

• False

Question 17

Hallucinations are common symptoms in several psychotic disorders. Choose the correct statement (påstående) regarding hallucinations! (1p)

Select one alternative:

• Hallucinations are false fixed beliefs and can not be corrected by reasoning.
• Hallucinations are sensatory perceptions without external stimulus related to sight, hearing, smell, taste and/or touch
• Hallucinations are involuntary (ofrivilliga) movements and extrapyramidal sensations

Answer 17

• Hallucinations are sensatory perceptions without external stimulus related to sight, hearing, smell, taste and/or touch

Question 18

Sad persons scale is a scale to illustrate what can be called statistic risk factors for suicide. It covers 10 points whose initials form the word SAD PERSONS. Name six of these words and describe what they mean. (A description must be available for each word for full points). (6p)

Answer 18

S - (Sex) – kön, män oftare än kvinnor
A - (Age) – ålder, över 45-50 år oftare än under
D - (Depression) – med känslor av hopplöshet, värdelöshet, hjälplöshet och frånvaro
av framtidsplaner

P - (Previous Attempt) – tidigare försök medför ökad risk
E - (Ethanol and Drug Abuse) – missbruk
R - (Rational Thinking Loss) – tankestörningar
S - (Social Supports Lacking) – socialt stödnät saknas
O - (Organized Plan) – aktiva suicidplaner
N - (No Spouse) – ogift, bor ensam
S - (Sickness) – kronisk, allvarlig, smärtsam fysisk sjukdom

Question 19

In your roll as a nurse, what is important to consider when meeting a patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder? (1p)

Select one alternative:

• To palpate the patient’s extremities with a firm grip and avoid strong odors and sudden sounds.
• To speak with loud voice.
• To provide all information quickly so that the patient maintain concentration.
• Use a lot of body language.

Answer 19

• To palpate the patient’s extremities with a firm grip and avoid strong odors and sudden sounds.

Question 20

Side effects of first generation antipsychotics are… (1p)

Select one alternative:

• Tardive dyskinesia and parkinsonism
• Extreme weight gain and hypertension
• Agranulocytosis and extrapyramidal symptoms

Answer 20

• Tardive dyskinesia and parkinsonism

Question 21

Select the anxiety disorder characterized by persistent, intense and irrational fear of a specific object, activity or situation and high level of anxiety in response to the object, activity or situation. (1p)

Select one alternative:

• Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
• Panic Disorder
• Generalized Anxiety Disorder
• Phobia
• Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Answer 21

• Phobia

Question 22

1. You have been working in the emergency room for some time and have met a patient named Kenny several times. Kenny is 36 years old and works as a warehouse worker but has lately had a hard time managing his work. He has been to the emergency room several times with high levels of ethanol in his blood and has now been diagnosed with alcohol abuse. What is the definition of substance abuse 2p:
2. Kenny is depressed and afraid of losing his job. Name two other consequences that long-term use of psychoactive substances can cause 1p:
3. 50 percent of the individuals with substance used disorder have another cooccurring (samtidigt förekommande) psychiatric disorder. But there is also common with medical and physical (fysisk) comorbidity (samsjuklighet). What diseases can Kenny experience if he continue using alcohol? 1p
4. Kenny does not think he has any problems with alcohol and he tells you that he has never had alcohol withdrawl (alkoholabstinens). You are now going to tell Kenny what the symptoms of alcohol withdrawl are, what do you tell him? 2p

Answer 22

1. Regelbundet användande av substans som faller utanför medicinska/sociala acceptansen och den enda meningen för användandet är att förändra sitt beteende, känslor eller känsla av medvetandetillstånd.
2. • Förändringar/påverkan på hjärnstruktur och funktion.
   • Psykologiska/Psykosociala problem
   • Fängelse
3. • Kardiovaskulära sjukdomar
   • Sjukdomar i gastrointestinala systemet
   • Wernicke-Korsakoffs syndrom. Wernicke-Korsakoffs syndrom (WKS) är en neuropsykiatrisk rubbning som främst drabbar personer med alkoholberoende i abstinensfas.

4.
- Hög hjärtfrekvens
- Högt blodtryck
- Ökning av temperatur
- Skakningar
- Kräkningar
- Svettningar
- Grand mal seizures (motoriska anfall - epilepsi)
- Neuropsykiatrisk rubbning –> du blir galen /;3;/

Question 23

'’Match the neurotransmitters with their functions/impact! (3p)

Please match the values:

A. Norepinephrine (noradrenalin)
B. Serotonin
C. Dopamine

1. Regulates bowel movements (tarmrörelser)
   and/or mood
2. Regulates arousal and alertness (vakenhet)
3. Cognition, motivation, movement

Answer 23

1. B
2. A
3. C

Question 24

Select the correct statement regarding benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine treatment.

Select one alternative: (1p)

• Ineffective in alleviating (sv. “lindra”) anxiety
• Associated to risk of tolerance and abuse
• Increased risk of suicide in the beginning of the treatment
• Often a suitable drug for older people
• Increased risk of heart attack in the beginning of the treatment

Answer 24

• Associated to risk of tolerance and abuse

Question 25

Hallucinations are common symptoms in several psychotic disorders. Choose the correct statement (påstående) regarding hallucinations! (1p) Select one alternative: - Hallucinations always include perceptions from at least two senses (hearing, vision, smell, touch, taste) - Hallucinations are involuntary (ofrivilliga) movements and extrapyramidal sensations - Hallucinations are sensatory perceptions. They are not triggerd by external stimulus.

Answer 25

- Hallucinations are sensatory perceptions. They are not triggerd by external stimulus.

Question 26

Correct and incorrect statements regarding suicide risk factors! (2p) Please match the values: A. Correct C. Incorrect 1. Drug and alcohol abuse 2. Physical illness 3. History of suicidal behaviour in family 4. Psychiatric disorder

Answer 26

1. Correct 2. Correct (Kronisk smärta) 3. Correct 4. Correct

Question 27

As a nurse in a professional context I correctly use the term... (1p) Select one alternative: - "A patient with schizophrenia" - "A schizophrenic patient"

Answer 27

- "A patient with schizophrenia"

Question 28

Depression and bipolar disorder are two different diagnoses. Describe what makes them different and how they are are similar. (Beskriv vad som skiljer dem åt och på vilket sätt de är lika) (4p)

Answer 28

Depression är en sjukdom som du kan bli av med, medan bipolär sjukdom är en psykiatrisk kronisk sjukdom som varar livet ut. Vid bipolär sjukdom går dem depressiva perioderna i skov. Medan en depressiv människa generellt är nere så länge sjukdomen varar. Depression har heller inga ”höga” perioder av hög självkänsla och hyperaktivitet som bipolär sjukdom har. Båda sjukdomarna har en form av hereditet, men erhållandet av depression kan påverkas markant av omgivningen.

Question 29

Please match the values regarding psychotic disorders: (4p) A. Negative symptom B. Positive symptom 1. Poor social function 2. Thought blocking 3. Delusions 4. Hallucinations

Answer 29

1. Negative symptom 2. Negative symptom 3. Positive symptom 4. Positive symptom

Question 30

There has been an increase in Major Depressive Disorder over the past 50 years. (1p) Select one alternative: - True - False

Answer 30

- True

Question 31

Central stimulants are effective for treating... (1p) Select one alternative: - Bipolarity - Depressions - Psychosis - ADHD

Answer 31

- ADHD

Question 32

Select true or false regarding bipolar disorder! (3p) A. False B. True 1. Divided in the subgroups Bipolar A and Bipolar B 2. Is not associated with higher risk of suicide 3. Can be treated with lithium 4. Bipolar disorder can be cured. 5. Includes periods of euthymia (neutral mood) 6. Includes periods of hypomania and/or mania

Answer 32

1. False 2. False 3. True 4. False 5. True 6. True

Question 33

Select the anxiety disorder characterized by thoughts, impulses or images that persist (tankar, impulser och bilder som kvarstår) and recur (återkommer) and cannot be dismissed from the mind and/or ritualistic and repeated behaviors. (1p) Select one alternative: - Generalized Anxiety Disorder - Posttraumatic Stress Disorder - Panic Disorder - Phobia - Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Answer 33

- Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Question 34

A: Mention the name of the diagnostic tool used in diagnosis of ADHD and briefly (kort) describe how it is used (2p) B: What does the abbreviation (förkortning) ADHD stand for? (1p) C: Name two common characteristic features (karaktäristiska drag) of a person diagnosed with ADHD (1p)

Answer 34

A: DISCO (Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication disorders) - Ett intervjubaserat instrument som är till för föräldern att svara på frågor om utvecklingsanamnes Dock är det vanligt idag att man inte använder sig av ett sådant verktyg. Istället får läkare och psykologer information om vilka och hur många symtom du har, när de började, hur länge de har varat och hur allvarliga de är. För att få diagnosen ADHD behöver du ha flera symtom, inte bara ett eller två. B: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder C: Koncentrationssvårigheter |Kontra| Aktivitetsrubbning (rastlös/överaktiv)

Question 35

Antipsychotics have effects and side effects. The side effects of First Generation Antipsychotics, FGA, and Second Generation Antipsychotics, SGA, differ. (2p) Match the side effects with First or Second Generation Antipsychotics: A. First Generation Antipsychotics B. Second Generation Antipsychotics 1. Tardive dyskinesia 2. Agranulocytosis 3. Extreme weight gain 4. Parkinsonism

Answer 35

1. A, First Generation Antipsychotics 2. B, Second Generation Antipsychotics 3. B, Second Generation Antipsychotics 4. A, First Generation Antipsychotics

Question 36

Which neurotransmitter is mainly associated with psychosis and schizophrenia? (1 point) Select one alternative: - Dopamine - GABA - Serotonin - Norepinephrine

Answer 36

- Dopamine

Question 37

Panic anxiety and panic attacks can clinically be misinterpreted as: (1 point) Select one alternative: - Heart attack - Diabetes - Parkinson's disease - Stroke

Answer 37

- Heart attack

Question 38

Which statements are correct or incorrect regarding suicide (självmord) ? (2 points) Please match the following values: A. Incorrect B. Correct 1. Repeated self-harm is associated with suicide 2. Avoid questions about suicidal thoughts since these can trigger suicide ideation 3. Men are more likely to commit suicide compared to women 4. Men are more likely to engage in suicide attempts compared to women

Answer 38

1. B, Correct 2. A, Incorrect 3. B, Correct 4. A, Incorrect

Question 39

Case: You work as a nurse in a general psychiatric ward. One of the patients is Joachim, a 42-year-old, married father of three who works in sales. He was hospitalized a few days ago after a suicide attempt. When you talk to Joachim he answers you in a few words, and you often have to wait for his answers. You have never seen a smile on his face, nor changes in his facial expressions. Joachim stays mostly in his room, where he lies in bed with the blinds drawn. You note that he has worn the same clothes since being admitted, and he also seems to have slept in them. The room smells stuffy and you detect a pungent odour of sweat. His hair looks dirty and unkempt and the stubble of his beard is growing. He didn't come out of his room for lunch, and he has barely touched the breakfast served in his room. Joachim’s wife, Linda, and their three children – Filip, Erik and Maja, ages 7, 9 and 12 – visit the patient. Filip tries to show Joachim one of the games on his mobile phone but gets no response. Maja tries to hug her father, but he pushes her away and starts to cry with his face buried in his hands. a) Give a suggestion on Joachim's psychiatric diagnosis. Justify your answer. (1 point) b) What treatment would you suggest for Joachim? Give two examples and justify your answer. (2 point) c) Suggest two nursing interventions applicable in Joachim's situation. Describe the suggested nursing interventions and justify your answer. (2 point)

Answer 39

A) Svår depression, pga - Apati: Sängliggandes, ger ingen respons - Anhedoni: Kan ej känna positiva känslor - Nedstämdhet: Ledsen och gråter - Irritation: Blir irriterad när andra försöker visa kärlek B) Farmakologisk behandling: SSRI, SNRI eller NaSSa, men även psykosociala terapier (exempelvis KBT) för att tillslut kunna hantera känslor på egen hand. C) Rutiner: Sovschema, morgonrutin. Samtal med anhöriga: Undervisa om sjukdomen för varför Joachim är som han är.

Question 40

Choose the correct statement or statements regarding benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine treatment. (2p) Select one or more alternatives: - Increased risk of heart attack in the beginning of the treatment - Effective in alleviating anxiety - Associated to risk of tolerance and abuse - Often a suitable drug for older people - Increased risk of suicide in the beginning of the treatment.

Answer 40

- Effective in alleviating anxiety - Associated to risk of tolerance and abuse

Question 41

Choose the correct alternative or alternatives used for treating panic anxiety disorder. Select one or more. (3p) Select one or more alternatives: - Electroconvulsive therapy - CBT - Anxiolytics - Diuretics - Opioids - Antidepressants - MADRS

Answer 41

- CBT - Anxiolytics - Antidepressants

Question 42

Choose the correct alternative/alternatives related to Bipolar Disorder: (2 points) Select one or more alternatives: - Periods of withdrawal - Divided in the subgroups Bipolar A Disorder and Bipolar B Disorder - Periods of euthymia (neutral mood) - Periods of mania - Can be treated with lithium - Is not associated with suicide

Answer 42

- Periods of euthymia (neutral mood) - Periods of mania - Can be treated with lithium

Question 43

Explain and describe the psychiatric recovery model. Use key terms and key concepts in your answer and explain the nurse's role in the model. Justify your answers. (5 points)

Answer 43

Är ett förhållningssätt till psykisk störning eller substansberoende som betonar och stödjer en persons potential för återhämtning. Holstic perspective, se människan bakom sjukdomen och ta vara på patientens tillgångar och förmågor. Engagement in community, uppmuntra patienten till sociala interaktioner och företeelser. Nurse-patient partnership, upprätthålla adekvat och professionell relation till patient. Empowerment, genom att inse deras fulla potential. Independency, få dem att inse deras självständighet inom gränserna av deras sjukdom.

Question 44

Categorize the symptoms of Schizophrenia in positive symptoms and negative symptoms! (4 points) Please match the values: A. Negative symptom B. Positive symptom 1. Poor social function 2. Delusions 3. Thought-blocking 4. Anhedonia (anhedoni)

Answer 44

1. A, Negative symptom 2. B, Positive symptom 3. A, Negative symptom 4. A, Negative symptom

Question 45

According to the diagnostic manual DSM-5 and ICD-10/11, the diagnostic criteria for Autism spectrum disorder include: (1 point) Select one alternative: - Deficits in social interaction and repetitive behavior - Deficits in social interaction and intellectual disability - Deficits in attention and physical disability

Answer 45

- Deficits in social interaction and repetitive behavior

Question 46

Deficits in executive functions commonly occur in ADHD. What does it mean? (1 point) Select one alternative - The person has deficits in planning and structuring everyday life - The person has deficits in fine motor functions and communicating - The person has deficits in communicating and interacting

Answer 46

- The person has deficits in planning and structuring everyday life

Question 47

In your roll as a nurse, what is important to consider when meeting a patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder? (3p) One or more alternative is correct. Select one or more alternatives: - To speak with a loud voice - To give step by step information - To palpate the patient's extremities with a firm grip and avoid strong odors and sudden sounds - Recurring encounters should follow the same routines

Answer 47

- To give step by step information - To palpate the patient's extremities with a firm grip and avoid strong odors and sudden sounds - Recurring encounters should follow the same routines

Question 48

A person with a panic attack should always be ECG monitored within 30 minutes to avoid a heart attack (1p) Select one alternative: - False - True

Answer 48

- False

Question 49

Match condition with pharmacological treatment/substance (3p) Please match the values: A. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors B. Lithium carbonate C. Dopamine Receptor Agonists 1. Schizophrenia 2. Bipolar Disorder 1 3. Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Answer 49

1. C 2. B 3. A

Question 50

Select correct statement regarding lithium carbonate! (2p) Select one alternative: - Is generally combined with diuretics when administered to a patient. - Therapeutic dosage and toxic dosage ranges are close, narrow therapeutic window - Urinary retention and constipation are severe and common side-effects - High incidence of metabolic side effects and risk of diabetes

Answer 50

- Therapeutic dosage and toxic dosage ranges are close, narrow therapeutic window

Question 51

CBT is associated with... (Choose the correct alternative) (1p) Select one alternative: - Blocking reuptake of norepinephrine, blocking reuptake of serotonin and “start low, go slow” - Exposure, breathing exercises and psychoeducation - Severe depression, electric stimulation and short-term memory loss

Answer 51

- Exposure, breathing exercises and psychoeducation

Question 52

Förekomsten av ångesttillstånd hos den svenska befolkningen är... (2p) Välj ett alternativ: - 1 av 20 - 1 av 4 - 1 av 10

Answer 52

- 1 av 4

Question 53

Välj den diagnos som hör till förstämningstillstånd! (1p) Välj ett alternativ: - Egentlig depression - Tvångssyndrom - Posttraumatiskt stressyndrom - Schizofreni

Answer 53

- Egentlig depression

Question 54

Match the correct symptoms and conditions! (3p) Please match the values: A. Compulsions B. Obsessions C. Hallucinations 1. Repetitive and ritualistic hand washing 2. Seeing things no one else can see 3. Uncontrollable thoughts on germs and bacteria

Answer 54

1. A 2. C 3. B

Question 55

You are a nurse at the medical center. One of your nurse colleagues tells you that he has an appointment with a patient diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder for a blood pressure check. By reading the physician's documentation he understands that the patient has disabilities and impairments related to the psychiatric disorder. Your colleague knows that every individual with ASD is unique, but he seeks your general advice on what to consider in the encounter with a patient with ASD. What general advice can you give your colleague? (Minimum 3 suggestions). Describe and justify your suggestions! (6p)

Answer 55

Begriplig information: Personer med autism kan ha svårt att tolka sociala situationer, därför är det viktigt att sjuksköterskan ger information som är lättförstådd, exempel på hjälpmedel till detta är bild/skriftstöd, sedan förklara hur personen i fråga ska fortgå med uppgiften. Undvik ljud/ljus i rummet då personer med autism kan uppleva detta som distraherande och obehagliga pga överstimuli.

Question 56

Antipsychotics have effects and side effects. The side effects of First Generation Antipsychotics, FGA, and Second Generation Antipsychotics, SGA, differ. (4p) Please match the values: A. First GenerationmAntipsychotics B. Second GenerationnAntipsychotics 1. Agranulocytosis 2. Tardive dyskinesia 3. Extreme weight gain 4. Parkinsonism

Answer 56

1. B, Second GenerationnAntipsychotics 2. A, First GenerationmAntipsychotics 3. B, Second GenerationnAntipsychotics 4. A, First GenerationmAntipsychotics

Question 57

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DSM-5, is a scale used in suicide assessment. (1p) Choose the correct alternative: - True - False

Answer 57

- False

Question 58

You work as a nurse at the local primary health center. Your first patient of the day is Lennart. Lennart is 73 years old and a widower since 3 years ago. He is a farmer and lives by himself by the countryside. He's interested in deer hunting and fishing. He is a known patient at your primary health center due to his diabetes and high blood pressure since many years. Now it is time for his annual diabetes check-up. You've met Lennart many times before and previously always had a smile on his face and hunting stories to tell. A jolly good fellow! Today when you meet him he looks tired, ravaged and doesn't smell good nor has shaved lately. You've never seen him likes this before. He hardly answers your questions about his well being. When you try to make him tell a hunting story, he just shakes his head and says "No, not today". When you ask him if he takes his insulin on a regular basis, he says; "I don't care about that anymore. What difference does it make?" You react on Lennars unwillingness to answer the questions and sense that something is wrong with him. A: Which psychiatric condition/conditions do you suspect that Lennart is suffering from? Justify you answer (1 point). B: Identify 3 suicide risk factors in Lennart's case. Justify your answer (3 points). C: Give 2 examples of adequate questions you can ask Lennart in a suicide assessment. Justify your answer (2 points).

Answer 58

A: Depression, då han uppvisar följande symtom: Adhenomi, nedstämdhet, irritation, pessimistisk. B: S - man, A - 79, D - depression. Dessa tre faktorer är de första tre som används i SAD person scale, där man går till 10 poäng max för att upptäcka suicidrisk, på bara de tre första bokstäverna har Lennart 3 poäng. C: Har du haft tankar på att avsluta ditt eget liv? Har du velat eller känt dig nära att begå självmord?

Question 59

Choose the correct statement or statements regarding benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine treatment. (2p) Select one or more alternatives: - Increased risk of suicide in the beginning of the treatment. - Effective in alleviating anxiety - Increased risk of heart attack in the beginning of the treatment - Often a suitable drug for older people - Associated to risk of tolerance and abuse

Answer 59

- Effective in alleviating anxiety - Associated to risk of tolerance and abuse

Question 60

According to the diagnostic manual DSM-5 and ICD-10/11, the diagnostic criteria for Autism spectrum disorder include: (1 point) Select one alternative: - Deficits in social interaction and creativity - Deficits in attention and physical disability - Deficits in social interaction and repetitive behavior

Answer 60

- Deficits in social interaction and repetitive behavior

Question 61

Deficits in executive functions commonly occur in ADHD. What does it mean? (1p) Select one alternative - The person has deficits in communicating and interacting - The person has deficits in fine motor functions and communicating - The person has deficits in planning and structuring everyday life

Answer 61

- The person has deficits in planning and structuring everyday life

Question 62

What are correct and incorrect statements regarding suicide risk factors? Please match the values: A. Incorrect B. Correct 1. Physical illness 2. Psychiatric disorder 3. History of suicidal behaviour in family 4. Drug and alcohol abuse

Answer 62

1. B, Correct 2. B, Correct 3. B, Correct 4. B, Correct

Question 63

In a professional context we use the concept... (1p) End the sentence above with the correct alternative! - ...self murder since it is used in daily speech and we avoid words in latin. - ...suicide or the concept self murder since they are equal. - ...suicide since it is less associated with stigma and negative attitudes.

Answer 63

- ...suicide since it is less associated with stigma and negative attitudes.

Question 64

Deficits in executive functions commonly occur in ADHD. What does it mean? Select one alternative - The person has deficits in fine motor functions and communicating - The person has deficits in planning and structuring everyday life - The person has deficits in communicating and interacting

Answer 64

- The person has deficits in planning and structuring everyday life

Question 65

Explain and describe the psychiatric recovery model. Use 3 key concepts (related to the model) in your answer and explain the nurse's role in every key concept. Justify your answers. (6 points)

Answer 65

Är ett förhållningssätt till psykisk störning eller substansberoende som betonar och stödjer en persons potential för återhämtning. Holstic perspective, se människan bakom sjukdomen och ta vara på patientens tillgångar och förmågor. Engagement in community, uppmuntra patienten till sociala interaktioner och företeelser. Nurse-patient partnership, upprätthålla adekvat och professionell relation till patient. Empowerment, genom att inse deras fulla potential. Independency, få dem att inse deras självständighet inom gränserna av deras sjukdom.

Question 66

Vad står och används detta preparat för? - SSRI - SNRI - NDRI - NaSSa

Answer 66

- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (mest vanliga behandlingen mot ångest och depression) - Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (andra handsval vid klinisk depression, preparatet är starkare än SSRI men allvarligare biverkningar) - Noradrenergic and Dopamin Reuptake Inhibitors (kan användas mot allt möjligt skit, depression, ADHD, nikotinavvänjning, parkinson) - Noradrenergic and Specific Serotonergic Antidepressants (används ofta i förstärkningssyfte ex. Mirtazapin = "stämningshöjande")