Teratogens

Question 1

Most commonly used teratogen

Answer 1

Ethanol

Question 2

Ethanol side effects? 3

Answer 2

1. Mental retardation
2. ASD
3. Head and face abnormalities

Question 3

Thalidomide effects? 2

Answer 3

Shortened limbs (phocomelia) (Tha-limb-domide)
Represses WNT pathway

Question 4

Phenytoin (Dilantin) effects? 4

Answer 4

1. Digit hypoplasia
2. Cleft lip/palate
3. Microcephaly
4. Fetal Hydantoin syndrome

Question 5

Methotrexate (folic acid antagonist) 4

Answer 5

1. Neural tube defects
2. Clefts
3. GU defect
4. CV defect

Question 6

Androgens effect? 3

Answer 6

1. Low birth weight
2. Males have longer fourth fingers
3. Females have longer second finger

Question 7

Warfarin/Coumadin effect? 3

Answer 7

1. Hypoplastic nose
2. Stippled epiphyses
3. Eye problems

Question 8

Accute/Isotetinoin 3

Answer 8

1. Face
2. CNS
3. CV

Question 9

ACE inhibitors

Answer 9

Renal defects

Question 10

Cocaine 4

Answer 10

1. Premature delivery
2. Placental abruption
3. ADD
4. Fetal addiction to cocaine

Question 11

DES 3

Answer 11

1. Vaginal adenosis
2. Vagina clear cell adenocarcinoma
3. Mullerian anomalies

Question 12

Iodine absence 2

Answer 12

1. Congenital goiter

2. Hypothyroidism

Question 13

Maternal diabetes 3

Answer 13

1. Fetal hyperinsulinemia
2. Hypertrophy of pancreatic islets
3. Fat