Terms

Question 1

Deductive vs. Inductive Reasoning

Answer 1

Deductive = begin with a theory and narrow down to a more specific hypothesis 
Inductive = moves to broader generalizations from a theory

Question 2

Diagnosis vs. Prognosis

Answer 2

Diagnosis = determination of a disease or condition causing a patients symptoms
Prognosis = Prediction of the natural course (duration) of a condition

Question 3

Intervention

Answer 3

Use of technique, procedure, etc. to improve patients condition

Question 4

Outcome

Answer 4

End result of a test, measure, intervention

Question 5

Prospective vs. Retrospective

Answer 5

Prospective = follow subjects forward over a period of time - looking ahead
Retrospective = uses historical data from sources such as medical records, insurance claims, or outcomes databases - looking behind

Question 6

Cross-sectional vs. Longitudinal

Answer 6

Cross-sectional = collects data about a phenomenon during a single point in time
Longitudinal = a research design that looks at a phenomenon occurring over time (this one better)