1
Q
Proper Nouns
Dysfunctional Auerbach’s plexus, “bird beak”, may be assoc. with Chagas disease (T. cruzi infection)
A
Achalasia
2
Q
Proper Nouns
Great anterior segmental medullary artery; L-sided in 65% of people; reinforces blood flow to 2/3 of anterior spinal cord
A
Artery of Adamkiewicz
3
Q
Proper Nouns
Primary adrenal insufficiency
A
Addison disease
4
Q
Proper Nouns
Arteriohepatic dysplasia; PS, butterfly vertebrae, long nose, 20p12-
A
Alagille syndrome
5
Q
Proper Nouns
Osteopetrosis
A
Albers-Schonberg disease
6
Q
Proper Nouns
Transmits pudendal nerve and internal pudendal a.
A
Alcock’s canal
7
Q
Proper Nouns
Childhood leukodystrophy; macrocephaly, seizures, spasticity; GFAP mutation
A
Alexander disease
8
Q
Proper Nouns
Amniotic rupture with secondary entanglement and tearing/amputation of developed parts (usually digits)
A
Amniotic band disruption sequence
9
Q
Proper Nouns
Collagen IV mutation; Basement membrane splitting; nephritic syndrome; lens defects, deafness
A
Alport syndrome
10
Q
Proper Nouns
“Happy puppet” inappropriate laughter; mental retardation, seizures, ataxia, 15q11-13 (maternal)
A
Angelman’s syndrome
11
Q
Proper Nouns
Activated histiocytes; pathognomonic of RHD
A
Anitschkow’s cells
12
Q
Proper Nouns
Restless legs syndrome
A
Anxietas tibiarum
13
Q
Proper Nouns
Turribrachycephaly, syndactyly, ankyloses, progressive synostoses, mental retardation; FGFR-2 gene; paternal
A
Apert syndrome
14
Q
Proper Nouns
“Prostitute’s pupil”, accommodates but does not react; seen in neurosyphilis
A
Argyll-Robertson Pupil
15
Q
Proper Nouns
Tubular deposition of glycogen, seen in DM
A
Armanni-Ebstein lesion
16
Q
Proper Nouns
Small posterior fossa; downward displacement of cerebellum Chiari I: low-lying cerebellum; tonsils descend through foramen magnum; medullary compression, asymptomatic Chiari II: vermis and medulla descend through foramen; fatal
A
Arnold-Chiari Malformation
17
Q
Proper Nouns
Granuloma with giant cells; classic finding in RHD
A
Aschoff bodies
18
Q
Proper Nouns
Intrauterine adhesions, assoc with D&C; amenorrhea
A
Asherman’s syndrome
19
Q
Proper Nouns
Primitive neuroectodermal tumor, related to Ewing’s, small cell thoracopulmonary tumor
A
Askin’s tumor
20
Q
Proper Nouns
Peroxidase (+) granulocyte/myeloblast inclusions; M3 leukemia; may cause DIC
A
Auer rods
21
Q
Proper Nouns
Projection of SA node to L atrium
A
Bachmann Bundle
22
Q
Proper Nouns
Atrial stretch increased heart rate
A
Bainbridge Reflex
23
Q
Proper Nouns
Infantile scurvy
A
Barlow’s disease
24
Q
Proper Nouns
Mitral valve prolapse
A
Barlow’s syndrome
25
# Proper Nouns
Squamous metaplasia at least 3cm into esophagus; assoc with adenoCA
Barrett’s Esophagus
26
# Proper Nouns
Greater vestibular glands, homologous to Cowper’s
Bartholin’s glands
27
# Proper Nouns
TAL ion transporter mutation; mimics loop diuretics, Salt wasting, hypercalciuria, hypoMg, hyperrenninemia, PGE2
Bartter’s syndrome
28
# Proper Nouns
Abetalipoproteinemia
Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome
29
# Proper Nouns
aka Spielmeyer-Vogt-Sjogren-Batten disease, neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis; childhood neurodegenerative disorder
Batten disease
30
# Proper Nouns
Less severe muscular dystrophy than Duchenne’s
Becker’s muscular dystrophy
31
# Proper Nouns
Hemihypertrophy, macroglossia, organomegaly, neonatal hypoglycemia, embryonal tumors, Wilms tumor, omphalocoele
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome
32
# Proper Nouns
First strained food given to infant
Beikost
33
# Proper Nouns
Openings of pyramids to minor calyces (through area cribosa)
Papillary ducts of Bellini
34
# Proper Nouns
Fat embolization; neurodysfunction, respiratory insufficiency, petechiae
Bergman’s triad
35
# Proper Nouns
Defect of platelet adhesion ( GP Ib)
Bernard-Soulier disease
36
# Proper Nouns
Superior suspensory ligament of thyroid
Ligament of Berry
37
# Proper Nouns
Projections of renal cortex between medullary pyramids
Columns of Bertin
38
# Proper Nouns
IV local anesthetic for upper/lower ex anesthesia
Bier block
39
# Proper Nouns
Irregularly irregular breathing with abrupt starts/stops, in dorsomedial medullary lesions
Biot’s breathing
40
# Proper Nouns
Pearly, triangular, conjunctival spots; in Vitamin A deficiency
Bitot spots
41
# Proper Nouns
Full-thickness esophageal tears
Boerhaave syndrome
42
# Proper Nouns
Benign ovarian tumor; resembles bladder tissue
Brenner tumor
43
# Proper Nouns
Allergy to A. fumigatus
Brewer’s lung
44
# Proper Nouns
Avascular segment between anterior and posterior kidney; used for longitudinal sections when removing staghorn calculi
Brodel’s white line
45
# Proper Nouns
Diminished INa current in RV epicardium; ST elevation V1-V3, ventricular arrhythmia, sudden cardiac death in young asian males
Brugada Syndrome
46
# Proper Nouns
Submucosal duodenal glands
Brunner’s glands
47
# Proper Nouns
White spots on periphery of iris; seen in Down syndrome
Brushfield spots
48
# Proper Nouns
X-linked agammaglobulinemia; reduced all five Igs; recurrent infections after 6 mos of life
Bruton’s disease
49
# Proper Nouns
Portal hypertension 2° to hepatic vein occlusion
Budd-Chiari disease
50
# Proper Nouns
EBV; “Starry-sky” appearance
Burkitt’s lymphoma
51
# Proper Nouns
Diver’s disease; Nitrogen embolism
Caisson’s disease
52
# Proper Nouns
Granulosa Cell Tumor
Call-Exner bodies
53
# Proper Nouns
Demyelinating disease of infancy; metachromatic leukodystrophy, arylsulfatase A deficiency, AR
Canavan disease
54
# Proper Nouns
Divides liver into R and L lobes (drawn between gallbladder, just left of IVC)
Cantle’s line
55
# Proper Nouns
Cystic duct, common hepatic duct, liver margin
Calot’s triangle
56
# Proper Nouns
RA and Coal worker pneuomoconiosis
Caplan syndrome
57
# Proper Nouns
TR murmur increased with inspiration, decreased by Valsalva
Carvallo’s sign
58
# Proper Nouns
Benign lymph node tumors; hyperproliferation of B cells, sometimes assoc with HHV-8
Castleman’s disease
59
# Proper Nouns
Biopsy of aortopulmonary window nodes
Chamberlain procedure, modified
60
# Proper Nouns
Nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech
Charcot triad
61
# Proper Nouns
Jaundice, fever, RUQ pain
Charcot triad of cholangitis
62
# Proper Nouns
Seen in intraparenchymal hemorrhage
Charcot-Bouchard aneurysms
63
# Proper Nouns
Eosinophilic debris, seen in bronchial asthma
Charcot-Leyden crystals
64
# Proper Nouns
Peroneal muscle atrophy, stork-like appearance, pes cavus, foot drop, claw hand
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
65
# Proper Nouns
A=T and G=C (in DNA/RNA)
Charkof’s Rule
66
# Proper Nouns
Defective microtubular function; partial albinism, peripheral neuropathy, recurrent infections
Chediak-Higashi syndrome
67
# Proper Nouns
Regularly irregular breathing with cyclic apnea, in bilateral hemispheric/diencephalon dysfunction
Cheyne-Stokes breathing
68
# Proper Nouns
Talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joint; where eversion and inversion occur
Chopart’s joint
69
# Proper Nouns
Factor IX deficiency
Christmas disease
70
# Proper Nouns
Forearm AVF; uses native blood vessels (radial artery, cephalic vein) (contrast with Scribner shunt)
Cimino-Brescia fistula
71
# Proper Nouns
Flushing, dizziness, tinnitus, BOV, impaired hearing, nausea, diarrhea
Cinchonism
72
# Proper Nouns
Deep inguinal node
Cloquet’s node
73
# Proper Nouns
Primary hyperaldosteronism
Conn syndrome
74
# Proper Nouns
Mycobacterium infection; responsible for weight loss (releases cachectin and TNF-alpha)
Cord factor
75
# Proper Nouns
Uteroplacental apoplexy; bleeding from abruptio into myometrium into peritoneum
Couvelaire uterus
76
# Proper Nouns
Associated with herpetic infections
Cowdry Type A inclusion bodies
77
# Proper Nouns
Yellow fever; viral hepatitis
Councilman bodies
78
# Proper Nouns
Palpable nontender gallbladder (pancreatic head CA)
Courvoisier sign
79
# Proper Nouns
Calcinosis, Raynaud phenomenon, Esophageal dysfunction, Sclerodactyly, Telangiectasia; ANA with anticentromere activity
CREST syndrome
80
# Proper Nouns
Subacute Spongiform Encephalopathy; prion disease; 2 variants: Brownell-Oppenheimer (cerebellar ataxia) and Heidenhain (visual disturbances)
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
81
# Proper Nouns
Microcephaly, severe mental retardation, cat-like cry, hypertelorism
Cri-du-chat syndrome (5p deletion)
82
# Proper Nouns
Regional enteritis; cobblestoned mucosa with skip lesions; segmental narrowing, “string sign”
Crohn disease
83
# Proper Nouns
GI polyposis, alopecia, hyperpigmentation, nail atrophy
Cronkite-Canada syndrome
84
# Proper Nouns
Premature craniosynostosis, midface hypoplasia, shallow orbits, proptosis
Crouzon Syndrome
85
# Proper Nouns
Periumbilical ecchymoses (acute pancreatitis)
Cullen sign
86
# Proper Nouns
Congenital sacral deformity, presacral mass, anal malformation
Currarino triad
87
# Proper Nouns
Pathologic finding in asthma; from shed epithelium
Curschmann spirals
88
# Proper Nouns
Gastric ulcer associated with burns
Curling ulcer
89
# Proper Nouns
Cushing’s syndrome caused by 1° pituitary adenoma
Cushing’s disease
90
# Proper Nouns
Cortisol (any etiology), HTN, trunal obesity, moon facies, buffalo hump, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, amenorrhea, libido, immunocompromise
Cushing’s syndrome
91
# Proper Nouns
Hypertension, bradycardia, respiratory depression
Cushing’s triad
92
# Proper Nouns
Gastric ulcer associated with brain injury
Cushing’s ulcer
93
# Proper Nouns
Empty RLQ in intussusception
Dance’s sign
94
# Proper Nouns
Large posterior fossa; absent cerebellum
Dandy-Walker malformation
95
# Proper Nouns
Morning hyperglycemia not associated with nocturnal hypoglycemia
Dawn phenomenon
96
# Proper Nouns
Idiopathic EPB and APL inflammation; more common in women
De Quervain’s tenosynovitis
97
# Proper Nouns
Subacute/granulomatous/giant cell thyroiditis, may be 2° to viral infxn, granulomatous inflammation
De Quervain’s thyroiditis
98
# Proper Nouns
Origin of lateral vestibulospinal tract
Deiter’s nucleus
99
# Proper Nouns
Rectoprostatic fascia
Denonvilliers’ fascia
100
# Proper Nouns
Wilms tumor, intersexual disorders, nephropathy [WT-1 gene abnormalities]
Denys-Drash syndrome
101
# Proper Nouns
Congenital pure red cell aplasia; HbF, RBC ADA, retic, triphalangeal thumbs
Diamond-Blackfan syndrome
102
# Proper Nouns
For scarlet fever
Dick test
103
# Proper Nouns
CATCH-22 syndrome
DiGeorge syndrome
104
# Proper Nouns
Perisinusoidal space
Disse’s space
105
# Proper Nouns
IgG antibodies in hemolytic anemia
Donath-Landsteiner antibodies
106
# Proper Nouns
Occurs when membrane is permeable to several (but not all) ions; not an osmotic equilibrium
Donnan equilibirium
107
# Proper Nouns
Autoimmune post-MI fibrinous pericarditis (weeks post-MI)
Dressler’s syndrome
108
# Proper Nouns
Black liver; conjugated hyperbilirubinemia; benign
Dubin-Johnson syndrome
109
# Proper Nouns
Deleted dystrophin gene; proximal limb weakness muscle breakdown; pseudohypertrophy of calves
Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy
110
# Proper Nouns
Progressive shortening, thickening, and fibrosis of palmar fascia and aponeurosis (MCP and PIP flexion of 4th and 5th digits).
Dupuytren’s contracture
111
# Proper Nouns
Seen in cerebral malaria; with ring hemorrhages
Durck’s granuloma
112
# Proper Nouns
Elongation of styloid process/calcification of stylohyoid; neck/face pain, dysphagia; CN IX compression
Eagle’s syndrome
113
# Proper Nouns
Prune-belly syndrome
Eagle-Barrett Syndrome
114
# Proper Nouns
Tricuspid displacement into RV; assoc with WPW
Ebstein’s anomaly
115
# Proper Nouns
Micrognathia, rocker-bottom feet, congenital heart disease (trisomy 18)
Edward syndrome
116
# Proper Nouns
“Waiter’s tip” deformity, C5-C6 palsy, may involve diaphragm (via phrenic nerve)
Erb-Duchenne Palsy
117
# Proper Nouns
Inherited multiple pterygium syndrome
Escobar syndrome
118
# Proper Nouns
IVC valve at RA
Eustachian valve
119
# Proper Nouns
Early-onset calcification of basal ganglia and cerebellum
Fahr syndrome
120
# Proper Nouns
Aplastic anemia, short stature, risk of CA; AR
Fanconi anemia
121
# Proper Nouns
Proximal tubule dysfunction; (+) urine glucose, amino acids, phosphates
Fanconi syndrome
122
# Proper Nouns
RA, splenomegaly, neutropenia
Felty’s syndrome
123
# Proper Nouns
Asbestos bodies; dumbbell-shaped
Ferruginous bodies
124
# Proper Nouns
Perihepatic gonorrheal infection; “violin-string” adhesions
Fitz-Hugh-Curtiss syndrome
125
# Proper Nouns
Bilateral renal hypoplasia, displacement of nipples to MCL, polymastia
Fleischer syndrome
126
# Proper Nouns
Retinoblastoma
Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes
127
# Proper Nouns
Frontal lobe tumor; inappropriate behavior, ipsilateral optic nerve atrophy, contralateral papilledema, anosmia
Foster-Kennedy syndrome
128
# Proper Nouns
Necrotizing soft tissue perineal/scrotal infection, assoc with DM
Fournier’s gangrene
129
# Proper Nouns
Flushing and sweating in reaction to taste of food; follows auriculotemporal nerve injury
Frey’s syndrome
130
# Proper Nouns
Ataxia before 10yrs, explosive speech, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Friedrich ataxia
131
# Proper Nouns
S: Internal oblique and transversus abd, M: Rectus muscle and sheath, L: Iliopsoas, I: Pecten pubis, lined by transversalis fascia; anatomic etiol. of hernia
Fruchaud’s (myopectineal) orifice
132
# Proper Nouns
Fx of distal 3rd of radius, dislocation of radioulnar joint
Galeazzi fracture
133
# Proper Nouns
Deep perineal/investing fascia
Gallaudet’s fascia
134
# Proper Nouns
Murmur of AS reflected to mitral area (sounds like MR)
Gallavardin’s phenomenon
135
# Proper Nouns
Adenomatous polyps + osteomas
Gardner syndrome
136
# Proper Nouns
Autoerythrocyte sensitivity, large ecchymoses on erythema
Gardner-Diamond syndrome
137
# Proper Nouns
Iliotibial tract attachment
Gerdy’s tubercle
138
# Proper Nouns
Prion disease; familial; cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria, corticospinal tract signs, nystagmus. AD, late-onset
Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease
139
# Proper Nouns
Na-Cl cotransporter mutation; similar to Bartter’s but milder; resembles thiazide diuretic effect
Gitelman’s syndrome
140
# Proper Nouns
Defect of platelet aggregation (GP IIb-IIIa)
Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia
141
# Proper Nouns
Branchial cleft anomalies, biliary atresia, CHD
Goldenhar’s complex
142
# Proper Nouns
ptch mutation; basal cell nevus syndrome; basal cell CA, medulloblastoma, jaw cysts
Gorlin’s syndrome
143
# Proper Nouns
Use of upper limbs to stand; seen in Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy
Gower’s maneuver
144
# Proper Nouns
Cause of recurrent ulceration post-vagotomy; from posterior vagus
[Criminal nerve of] Grassi
145
# Proper Nouns
Myxedema
Gull disease
146
# Proper Nouns
Compression of ulnar nerve at the wrist (between pisiform and hook of hamate); hypoesthesia of 4th and 5th digits; intrinsic hand muscle weakness
Guyon’s canal syndrome
147
# Proper Nouns
Pigmentary degeneration of globus pallidus, substantia nigra, red nucleus, corticospinal and EP signs, “eye of the tiger” sign
Hallervorden-Spatz Disease
148
# Proper Nouns
Mediastinal “crunch” assoc with emphysema
Hamman sign
149
# Proper Nouns
Peripheral triangle near pleural edges, in PE
Hampton’s hump
150
# Proper Nouns
Chronic progressive histiocytosis; skull lesions, DI, exophthalmos
Hand-Schuller-Christian disease
151
# Proper Nouns
Infundibulum of gallbladder; common site for gallstone impaction
Hartmann’s pouch
152
# Proper Nouns
Impaired tryptophan absorption
Hartnup disease
153
# Proper Nouns
Thymic medullary bodies
Hassal’s bodies
154
# Proper Nouns
Painless DIP nodules in osteoarthritis
Heberden’s nodules
155
# Proper Nouns
G6PD Deficiency
Heinz bodies
156
# Proper Nouns
Cystic duct valve (maintains patency)
Valve of Heisler
157
# Proper Nouns
Childhood disintegrative disorder
Heller dementia
158
# Proper Nouns
Area at cardia where middle circular and innermost oblique gastric muscular fibers blend
Collar of Helvetius
159
# Proper Nouns
Small-vessel vasculitis due to IgA-dominant immune-complex deposition; affects skin, joints, GI
Henoch-Schonlein purpura
160
# Proper Nouns
Periportal bile ductule
Canal of Hering
161
# Proper Nouns
Carotid sinus nerve (CN IX); baroreceptor
Hering’s nerve
162
# Proper Nouns
Intrinsic platelet defect and partial albinism
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome
163
# Proper Nouns
Secretory granules in posterior pituitary
Herring bodies
164
# Proper Nouns
Inferior epigastric artery, Lateral border of rectus abdominis, Inguinal ligament
Hesselbach’s triangle
165
# Proper Nouns
Medial striate artery (from ACA; A2 segment)
Recurrent artery of Heubner
166
# Proper Nouns
Spontaneous breakdown of atracurium, forms laudanosine (epileptogenic)
Hoffman elimination
167
# Proper Nouns
Thumb anomalies, ASD (secundum) or VSD, phocomelia; T-box (TBX5) mutation
Holt-Oram syndrome
168
# Proper Nouns
Calf pain with foot dorsiflexion, in DVT
Homan’s sign
169
# Proper Nouns
Neuroblastoma
Homer-Wright pseudorosettes
170
# Proper Nouns
Temporal arteritis
Horton’s disease
171
# Proper Nouns
Nuclear remnants (Splenectomy)
Howell-Jolly bodies
172
# Proper Nouns
Interstitial chronic cystitis, transmural fibrosis, ulceration
Hunner ulcer
173
# Proper Nouns
Adductor canal
Hunter’s canal
174
# Proper Nouns
α-L-iduronidase deficiency, similar to Hurler’s but no corneal clouding
Hunter’s disease
175
# Proper Nouns
Avulsion of ischial tuberosity at the attachment of biceps femoris and semitendinosus
Hurdler’s injury
176
# Proper Nouns
α-L-iduronidase deficiency; heparan and dermatan sulfate accumulation; gargoyle facies; corneal clouding, stubby fingers, death by 10 years
Hurler syndrome
177
# Proper Nouns
Prolonged QT, hearing loss
Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome
178
# Proper Nouns
IFN-γ deficiency; coarse Facies, cold Abscess, retained primary Teeth, IgE, Dermatoses (FATED)
Job’s syndrome
179
# Proper Nouns
Congenital anosmia, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism; X-linked
Kallman syndrome
180
# Proper Nouns
Flexion, swelling, pain on passive extension, tenderness over tendon sheath
Kanavel’s four signs of tenosynovitis
181
# Proper Nouns
Dynein dysfunction; bronchiectasis, sinusitis, situs inversus
Kartagener syndrome
182
# Proper Nouns
Hemangioma and thrombocytopenia and fibrinogenopenia
Kasabach-Merritt syndrome
183
# Proper Nouns
Mitochondrial DNA disorder; progressive ophthalmoplegia, pigmentary retinopathy, 3rd-deg AV block, ataxia, myopathy, CSF protein
Kearns-Sayre syndrome
184
# Proper Nouns
Circular intestinal folds
Valves of Kerckring
185
# Proper Nouns
Congestive cardiomyopathy 2° to selenium deficiency
Keshan disease
186
# Proper Nouns
Intercapillary glomerulosclerosis seen in DM nephropathy
Kimmelstein-Wilson lesions
187
# Proper Nouns
“Cloverleaf” skull secondary to premature closure of all sutures
Kleeblattschädel
188
# Proper Nouns
Episodic somnolence (\>18h/day), overeating, cognitive disturbances; possibly hypothalamic in origin
Kleine-Levin syndrome
189
# Proper Nouns
Atrophic testes, tall stature, gynecomastia
Klinefelter syndrome (XXY, XXXY)
190
# Proper Nouns
Congenital cervical vertebral fusion; short, immobile neck
Klippel-Feil syndrome
191
# Proper Nouns
Thoracic outlet syndrome (C8-T1)
Klumpke’s palsy
192
# Proper Nouns
Amygdala lesion; hypersexuality, hyperorality, hyperphagia, hyperdocility
Klüver-Bucy syndrome
193
# Proper Nouns
Psoriatic lesion eruption at sites of trauma
Köbner phenomenon
194
# Proper Nouns
Avascular necrosis of navicular bone
Köhler bone disease
195
# Proper Nouns
Memory impairment and confabulation
Korsakoff’s syndrome
196
# Proper Nouns
Congenital neutropenia
Kostmann syndrome
197
# Proper Nouns
Urea cycle/ornithine cycle
Krebs-Henseleit cycle
198
# Proper Nouns
Gastric CA metastatic to ovaries
Krukenberg tumor
199
# Proper Nouns
Liver macrophages
Kupffer cells
200
# Proper Nouns
Acidotic breathing, deep, rapid breaths
Kussmaul’s breathing
201
# Proper Nouns
Pulsus paradoxus
Kussmaul’s pulse
202
# Proper Nouns
Distension of neck veins with inspiration (cardiac tamponade)
Kussmaul’s sign
203
# Proper Nouns
Lentigenes, Atrial myxomas, Mucocutaneous myxomas, Blue nevi/Nevi, Atrial myx., Myxoid neurofibroma, Ephelides (freckles)
LAMB/NAME syndrome
204
# Proper Nouns
NMJ disease, Anti-presynaptic Ca2+ channel, proximal muscle weakness improving with use (contrast with MG); assoc with small cell lung CA
Lambert-Eaton Syndrome
205
# Proper Nouns
8q24.1; Multiple cone-shaped epiphyses, multiple cartilaginous exostoses, upturned nares, bulbous nasal tip, large ears
Langer-Giedion syndrome (Tricho-rhino-phalangeal type II)
206
# Proper Nouns
Ulcerative colitis
“Lead pipe” appearance of colon
207
# Proper Nouns
Mitochondrial DNA disorder; subacute bilateral central vision loss; retinal microangiopathy
Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy
208
# Proper Nouns
Idiopathic avascular necrosis of femoral head
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease
209
# Proper Nouns
Subacute necrotizing encephalopathy, mitochondrial disorder
Leigh disease
210
# Proper Nouns
Lentigenes, ECG abn., Ocular hypertelorism, Pulm. stenosis, Abnormal genitalia, Retardation of growth, Deafness
LEOPARD syndrome
211
# Proper Nouns
Radial growth phase of melanoma
Lentigo maligna
212
# Proper Nouns
HGPRT deficiency; hyperuricemia, gout, self-mutilation, choreoathetosis, aggression
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
213
# Proper Nouns
Seborrheic keratosis associated with visceral malignancy
Leser-Trelat sign
214
# Proper Nouns
Acute disseminated Langherhans cell histiocytosis; hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, pancytopenia, infections, pulmonary involvement
Letterer-Siwe disease
215
# Proper Nouns
Parkinsonism with dementia; hallucinations; α-synuclein defect
Lewy body disease
216
# Proper Nouns
Electric shock-like pain radiating down the spine or legs with neck flexion (in MS)
Lhermitte’s sign
217
# Proper Nouns
p53 mutation Familial cancer syndrome; increased incidence of soft tissue sarcomas and other malignancies
Li-Fraumeni syndrome
218
# Proper Nouns
Cardiac lesion in SLE
Libman-Sacks endocarditis
219
# Proper Nouns
Pigmented iris hamartomas in von Recklinghausen’s
Lisch nodules
220
# Proper Nouns
Tarsometatarsal joint
Lisfranc’s joint
221
# Proper Nouns
Pulmonary ascariasis and hepatitis
Loeffler’s syndrome
222
# Proper Nouns
Endomyocardial fibrosis with eosinophilic infiltrate
Löffler’s syndrome
223
# Proper Nouns
Sacrcoidosis, erythema nodosum, hilar lymphadenopathy, anterior uveitis, polyarthritis
Löfgren syndrome
224
# Proper Nouns
Calcaneal fracture, usually involves subtalar joint
Lover’s fracture
225
# Proper Nouns
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (\>30% involvement)
Lyell’s syndrome
226
# Proper Nouns
HNPCC, high risk for malignancy
Lynch syndrome
227
# Proper Nouns
Transverse cervical ligament
Cardinal ligament of Mackenrodt
228
# Proper Nouns
Blue lesions, dyschondroplasia, osteochondromas
Maffucci’s syndrome
229
# Proper Nouns
Periportal space
Mall’s space
230
# Proper Nouns
Alcoholic hepatitis
Mallory bodies
231
# Proper Nouns
Mucosal and submucosal esophageal tears
Mallory-Weiss tears
232
# Proper Nouns
Juvenile multiple sclerosis
Marburg disease
233
# Proper Nouns
Ankylosing spondylosis
Marie-Strumpell disease
234
# Proper Nouns
Fibrillin deficiency; arachnodactyly, ectopia lentis, aordic dissection/dissecting aneurysm, MVP
Marfan syndrome
235
# Proper Nouns
Mullerian agenesis; absent cervix, uterus, vagina, but normal hormones
Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome
236
# Proper Nouns
In onchocerciasis (from dying organisms): Fever, rash, ocular damage, joint pains, lymphangitis, hypotension, pyrexia, respiratory distress, prostration
Mazzotti reaction
237
# Proper Nouns
RHD; White plaques in posterior LA from turbulent flow
McCallum plaques
238
# Proper Nouns
Persistent vitelline duct; 2 in. long, 2ft from ileocecal valve, 2% of pop., 1st 2 yrs of life, 2 epithelial types
Meckel’s diverticulum
239
# Proper Nouns
Bilateral ovarian fibroma; hydrothorax, ascites
Meig’s syndrome
240
# Proper Nouns
Orofacial dystonia; dystonia and tardive dyskinesia
Meige’s syndrome
241
# Proper Nouns
Recurrent facial paralysis, swelling of lips, development of tongue folds
Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome
242
# Proper Nouns
Chemical pneumonitis caused by aspiration during anesthesia; assoc with obstetric anesthesia
Mendelson’s syndrome
243
# Proper Nouns
Gastric hypertrophy with protein loss, parietal cell atrophy, and mucous cells. Precancerous
Menetrier’s disease
244
# Proper Nouns
Tinnitus, hearing loss, vertigo
Meniere’s disease
245
# Proper Nouns
“Kinky hair disease; X-linked-recessive Cu deficiency; hypotonia, sagging facial features, MR, brittle hair, metaphyseal widening
Menkes disease
246
# Proper Nouns
Rare, potentially lethal neuroendocrine tumor
Merkel cell CA
247
# Proper Nouns
Lacrimal and salivary gland enlargement 2° to leukemia, sarcoid
Mikulicz syndrome
248
# Proper Nouns
17p13.3-; microcephaly, lissencephaly, pachygyria, seizures, MR
Miller-Dieker syndrome
249
# Proper Nouns
Primary biliary cirrhosis
Mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase autoantibodies
250
# Proper Nouns
Extrinsic obstruction of common hepatic duct by cystic duct stone
Mirizzi syndrome
251
# Proper Nouns
Calcifications of tunica media; esp. radial/ulnar; “pipestem” arteries
Monckeburg’s arteriosclerosis
252
# Proper Nouns
Thrombophlebitis of superficial breast veins
Mondor’s disease
253
# Proper Nouns
Ulnar fx with dislocation of radial head
Monteggia fracture
254
# Proper Nouns
Mucopolysaccharidosis (Type IV), urine keratin sulfate, dwarfism, short neck, protruding sternum, kyphosis, flat nose, prominent upper jaw, waddling gait, multiple fractures
Morquio syndrome
255
# Proper Nouns
Tender neuroma between 3rd and 4th toes; caused by high-heeled pointed shoes
Morton neuroma
256
# Proper Nouns
Basal cerebral rete mirabile; segmental stenosis of ICAs
Moyamoya
257
# Proper Nouns
Acute guttate parapsoriasis / Pityriasis lichenoides at varioliformis acuta; Papulonecrotic papules
Mucha-Habermann disease
258
# Proper Nouns
Urticaria, deafness, amyloidosis, episodic fever
Muckle-Wells syndrome
259
# Proper Nouns
Associated with psoriasis
Munro’s abscesses
260
# Proper Nouns
Cutaneous t-cell lymphoma; resembles psoriasis
Mycoses fungoides
261
# Proper Nouns
Neural intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions; seen in rabies
Negri bodies
262
# Proper Nouns
ASIS to ischial tuberosity; passes over greater trochanter
Nelaton’s line
263
# Proper Nouns
Post-adrenalectomy overgrowth of pituitary adenoma
Nelson’s syndrome
264
# Proper Nouns
Turner-like syndrome affecting males, short stature, MR, webbed neck, PS, pectus excavatum
Noonan syndrome
265
# Proper Nouns
Cecal dilatation in bedridden/critically ill patients
Ogilvie syndrome
266
# Proper Nouns
Idiopathic hypoventilation syndrome
Ondine’s curse
267
# Proper Nouns
Hoarseness; Enlarged LA impinges on recurrent laryngeal nerve
Ortner’s syndrome
268
# Proper Nouns
Traction apophysitis of tibial tubercle; overuse injury
Osgood-Schlatter disease
269
# Proper Nouns
Painful nodules at pads of fingers and toes; in IE
Osler’s nodes
270
# Proper Nouns
Polycythemia vera
Osler-Vaquez disease
271
# Proper Nouns
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (nosebleeds, skin discoloration)
Osler-Weber-Rendu Syndrome
272
# Proper Nouns
Ovarian enlargement, ascites, hypovolemia, shock (side effect of ovulation induction)
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
273
# Proper Nouns
Osteitis deformans, unknown etiology; bone pain, high-output failure, hearing loss, osteosarcoma
Paget disease of bone
274
# Proper Nouns
Small intestine; base of crypts of Lieberkuhn; prominent eosinophilic apical granules; defensive cells; long-lived
Paneth cells
275
# Proper Nouns
Neoplastic T-cells in epidermis; Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Pautrier microabscesses
276
# Proper Nouns
Iron granules
Pappenheimer bodies
277
# Proper Nouns
Assoc with cat-scratch disease, tularemia, unilateral conjunctivitis with preauricular LAD
Parinaud conjunctivitis
278
# Proper Nouns
Pineal tumor; sunset eyes, loss of upward gaze
Parinaud syndrome
279
# Proper Nouns
Junctions of: cystic/common bile duct, 2nd/3rd part of duodenum, neck/body of pancreas; most common location of gastrinomas
Passaro’s triangle
280
# Proper Nouns
Palatopharyngeal sphincter
Passavant’s ridge
281
# Proper Nouns
Microphthalmia, microcephaly, brain abnormalities, CLAP, polydactyly, rocker-bottom feet, CHD
Patau syndrome (trisomy 13)
282
# Proper Nouns
Night terror; stage 3-4 sleep; seen in children
Pavor nocturnus
283
# Proper Nouns
Facial suffusion, syncope on arm-raising due to retrosternal goiter
Pemberton’s sign
284
# Proper Nouns
Thyroid organification defect, hearing loss
Pendred syndrome
285
# Proper Nouns
Benign polyposis; perioral hyperpigmentation
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
286
# Proper Nouns
Bent penis; acquired fibrous tissue formation
Peyronie’s disease
287
# Proper Nouns
Turribrachycephaly, syndactyly, broad thumbs and 1st toes; autosomal dominant
Pfeiffer syndrome
288
# Proper Nouns
Frontotemporal dementia; intracellular tau protein
Pick’s disease
289
# Proper Nouns
Hypertension, cor pulmonale, polycythemia, OSA, obesity
Pickwickian syndrome
290
# Proper Nouns
Micrognathia, glossoptosis, cleft palate
Pierre-Robin sequence
291
# Proper Nouns
Hyperthyroidism, nodular goiter, absence of exophthalmos
Plummer disease
292
# Proper Nouns
Atrophic glossitis, esophageal webs, IDA
Plummer-Vinson syndrome
293
# Proper Nouns
Amastia, rib defects, chest wall hypoplasia, brachysyndactyly
Poland syndrome
294
# Proper Nouns
Portal vein (posterior), common bile duct (ant. R), hepatic artery (ant. L) in hepatoduodenal lig.
Portal triad
295
# Proper Nouns
Eversion injury; avulsion of medial malleolus, fibular fx
Pott’s fracture
296
# Proper Nouns
Bilateral renal agenensis; oligohydramnios; limb and facial deformities; pulmonary hypoplasia
Potter’s syndrome
297
# Proper Nouns
Inguinal ligament
Poupart’s ligament
298
# Proper Nouns
Obesity, hypogonadism, hypotonia, mental retaradation, 15q11-13
Prader-Willi syndrome
299
# Proper Nouns
10mmHg in BP on inspiration (cardiac tamponade, OSA, asthma, pericarditis, croup)
Pulsus paradoxus (Kussmaul’s pulse)
300
# Proper Nouns
Aortic stenosis; delayed upstroke of carotid pulse
Pulsus parvus et tardus
301
# Proper Nouns
Sudden loss of vision in Pt with acute pancreatitis; cotton-wool spots/hemorrhages at macula
Purtscher’s retinopathy
302
# Proper Nouns
Angioedema
Quincke’s edema
303
# Proper Nouns
Herpes Zoster; Facial palsy, ageusia in anterior 2/3 of tongue, vesicles in EAC
Ramsay-Hunt syndrome
304
# Proper Nouns
Ghon focus + perihilar lymph node
Ranke focus
305
# Proper Nouns
CD30+ and CD15+ giant B-cells, “owl’s eye,” characteristic of Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Reed-Sternberg cells
306
# Proper Nouns
Defect in phytanic acid oxidation; AR; Neuropathy, retinal pigmentation, ataxia, anosmia, deafness, skin lesions, CSF proteins
Refsum disease
307
# Proper Nouns
Stapes, styloid, lesser horn of hyoid, stylohyoid lig.
Reichert’s cartilage
308
# Proper Nouns
Found in Leydig cells in adults; function unknown
Reinke’s crystals
309
# Proper Nouns
Inhibitory cells in ventral horn of spinal cord; inhibited by tetanus toxin
Renshaw cells
310
# Proper Nouns
Common in girls, midline handwringing, regression, sighing, ataxia, bruxism, seizures
Rett syndrome
311
# Proper Nouns
Retropubic space
Space of Retzius
312
# Proper Nouns
Charcot’s triad plus hypotension and mental status changes
Reynold’s pentad
313
# Proper Nouns
Tyrosine aminotransferase deficiency (Type II tyrosinemia)
Richner-Hanhart syndrome
314
# Proper Nouns
Thyroid replacement by fibrous tissue, unknown etiology
Riedel thyroiditis
315
# Proper Nouns
Familial dysautonomia
Riley-Day syndrome
316
# Proper Nouns
SMA and IMA collateral
Arc of Riolan
317
# Proper Nouns
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Ritter’s disease
318
# Proper Nouns
Long arms of two acrocentric chromosomes join with common centromere with loss of short arms
Robertsonian translocation
319
# Proper Nouns
Onchocerciasis/”river blindness”
Robles disease
320
# Proper Nouns
Gallbladder mucosa penetrating into muscularis layer; early indicator of pathologic change, seen in chronic cholecystitis
Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses
321
# Proper Nouns
PIlocytic astrocytoma; eosinophilic corkscrew fibers in astrocytes
Rosenthal fibers
322
# Proper Nouns
Nodes between pectoralis major and minor
Rotter’s nodes
323
# Proper Nouns
16p13-; Microcephaly, ptosis, beaked nose, low philtrum, broad thumbs, large toes, MR
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome
324
# Proper Nouns
Intramural portion of ureter (ureterovesical valve)
Valve of Sampson
325
# Proper Nouns
Nasal polyp, ASA sensitivity, asthma
Samter’s triad
326
# Proper Nouns
Lipid metabolism disorder, hexaminidase a and b deficiency
Sandhoff disease
327
# Proper Nouns
Progressive pigmented purpuric dermatitis
Schamberg disease
328
# Proper Nouns
Submucosal ring in lower esophagus; assoc. w/ drug intake; not assoc. with CA
Schatzi’s ring
329
# Proper Nouns
Laminated concretions of Ca and proteins, seen in sarcoidosis
Schaumann bodies
330
# Proper Nouns
Dialysis access procedure; uses Teflon tube with 2 needles
Scribner shunt
331
# Proper Nouns
Hematogenous invasion of mycosis fungoides
Sezary-Lutzner syndrome
332
# Proper Nouns
Piebaldism, Hirschsprung’s disease
Shah-Waardenburg syndrome
333
# Proper Nouns
Multiple systems atrophy; Parkinsonism; UMN/LMN, cerebellar, autonomic dysfunction
Shy-Drager syndrome
334
# Proper Nouns
Dry eye, dry mouth
Sicca syndrome
335
# Proper Nouns
Pituitary cachexia; generalized panhypopituitarism
Simmonds disease
336
# Proper Nouns
MEN IIa
Sipple Syndrome
337
# Proper Nouns
Dry eye, dry mouth, (sicca syndrome), plus autoimmune disease (commonly RA)
Sjogren syndrome
338
# Proper Nouns
Paraurethral glands (homologous to prostate); lateral and inferior to urethral meatus
Skene’s glands
339
# Proper Nouns
Deep fibular nerve entrapment
Ski-boot syndrome
340
# Proper Nouns
17p11.2; Brachycephaly, midface hypoplasia, prognathism, myopia, short stature
Smith-Magenis
341
# Proper Nouns
Hyperglycemia following hypoglycemia (as in post-breakfast)
Somogyi effect
342
# Proper Nouns
LGA, MR, hydrocephalus, pointed chin
Sotos syndrome
343
# Proper Nouns
Hernia along the lateral border of rectus abdominis
Spigelian hernia
344
# Proper Nouns
Nevus with cytologic atypia; resembles hemangioma; always benign
Spitz nevus
345
# Proper Nouns
Hepatic dysfunction as paraneoplastic syndrome of Renal Cell CA
Stauffer syndrome
346
# Proper Nouns
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Stein-Leventhal syndrome
347
# Proper Nouns
Parotid duct
Stensen’s duct
348
# Proper Nouns
Lymphangiosarcoma in post-mastectomy, post-RT patients
Stewart-Treves sydrome
349
# Proper Nouns
Juvenile Rheumatoid arthritis
Still disease
350
# Proper Nouns
Syncope and convulsions 2° to complete heart block, HR\<40
Stokes-Adams syndrome
351
# Proper Nouns
“Port wine” stain on face, leptomeningeal angiomatosis
Sturg-Weber disease
352
# Proper Nouns
Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis; Red plaques/nodules on head, neck, UE; neutrophilic infiltrate
Sweet’s syndrome
353
# Proper Nouns
SCID; T and B cell deficiency; severe infections, failure to thrive, GvH disease
Swiss-type agammaglobulinemia
354
# Proper Nouns
Acatalasemia
Takahara’s disease
355
# Proper Nouns
Familial α-lipoprotein deficiency, low HDL, orange/yellow tonsils
Tangier’s disease
356
# Proper Nouns
Type VII glycogen storage disease, muscle PFK deficiency, least common; hemolytic anemia, muscle weakness
Tarui disease
357
# Proper Nouns
Gastrocnemius strain
“Tennis leg”
358
# Proper Nouns
Coronary sinus valve at RA
Thebesian valve
359
# Proper Nouns
Myotonia congenital; tonic muscle spasms
Thomsen’s disease
360
# Proper Nouns
Aseptic costochondritis of rib cartilage
Tietze’s syndrome
361
# Proper Nouns
RSBI (rapid shallow breathing index); freq/TV, if 105, 80% failure
Tobin index
362
# Proper Nouns
Sebaceous adenomas, multiple GI CA, laryngeal, GU, endomet CA
Torre syndrome
363
# Proper Nouns
Mandibulofacial dystosis (also known as Franceschetti syndrome)
Treacher Collins syndrome
364
# Proper Nouns
Migratory thrombophlebitis; pancreatic/visceral CA
Trousseau’s phenomenon
365
# Proper Nouns
Muscle spasm from pressure applied to upper ex.; due to hypocalcemia
Trousseau’s sign
366
# Proper Nouns
TSC-1 and -2 mutation; angiofibroma and renal angiomyolipoma
Tuberous sclerosis
367
# Proper Nouns
Adenomatous polyps + gliomas
Turcot syndrome
368
# Proper Nouns
Flank ecchymoses (acute pancreatitis)
[Grey]-Turner sign
369
# Proper Nouns
Female hypogonadism, short stature, webbed neck, shield-like chest
Turner syndrome (XO)
370
# Proper Nouns
Secretes smegma; preputial gland
Tyson’s gland
371
# Proper Nouns
Retinitis pigmentosa, hearing loss
Usher syndrome
372
# Proper Nouns
VIPoma; WDHA syndrome, Watery Diarrhea, Hypokalemia, Achlorhydria
Verner-Morrison syndrome
373
# Proper Nouns
Supraclavicular nodes
Virchow’s nodes
374
# Proper Nouns
Stasis, hypercoagulability, endothelial damage
Virchow’s triad
375
# Proper Nouns
Vitiligo, aseptic meningitis, uveitis, tinnitus, dysacusis
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome
376
# Proper Nouns
Forearm muscle contracture 2° to supracondylar fracture of the humerus and subsequent brachial artery spasm
Volkmann’s contracture
377
# Proper Nouns
Lingual glands
[serous glands of] Von Ebner
378
# Proper Nouns
Failure of upper eyelid to follow downward gaze; in Graves
Von Graefe’s sign
379
# Proper Nouns
Hemangioblastomas of retina/cerebellum/medulla; assoc with Renal Cell CA; deleted VHL gene; chromosome 3p
Von Hippel-Lindau disease
380
# Proper Nouns
Neurofibromatosis
Von Recklinghausen’s disease
381
# Proper Nouns
Osteitis fibrosa cystica, “brown tumor”
Von Recklinghausen’s disease of bone
382
# Proper Nouns
Psoriasis variant; Fever, generalized sterile pustules
Von Zumbusch pustular psoriasis
383
# Proper Nouns
Piebaldism, congenital SNHL, dystopia canthorum, heterochromic irises, broad nasal root
Waardenburg syndrome
384
# Proper Nouns
Wilms tumor, Aniridia, GU malformations, mental Retardation
WAGR Syndrome
385
# Proper Nouns
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, related to multiple myeloma
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
386
# Proper Nouns
Papillary cystademona lymphomatosum, usually in parotid
Warthin tumors
387
# Proper Nouns
Multinucleate giant cells; seen in measles
Warthin-Finkeldy cells
388
# Proper Nouns
Septic shock 2° to meningococcemia (MRS); Adrenal hemorrhage in meningococcemia (1st Aid)
Waterhouse-Friedrichsen syndrome
389
# Proper Nouns
For urinary porphobilinogen; Acute intermittent porphyria
Watson-Schwartz test
390
# Proper Nouns
Friction-induced ischial bursitis
Weaver’s bottom
391
# Proper Nouns
Necrotizing granulomas in lung and upper resp., focal necrotizing vasculitis, necrotizing GN; c-ANCA
Wegener’s granulomatosis
392
# Proper Nouns
Store P-selectins
Weibel-Palade bodies
393
# Proper Nouns
Infantile spinal muscular atrophy; “floppy baby;” AR
Werdnig-Hoffman disease
394
# Proper Nouns
MEN-1
Wermer syndrome
395
# Proper Nouns
Encephalopathy due to thiamin deficiency; common in alcoholics
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
396
# Proper Nouns
Diminished pulmonary vascular markings, in PE
Westermark’s sign
397
# Proper Nouns
Malabsorption syndrome; Tropheryma whippelii (G+), PAS-positive macrophages in lamina propria, mesenteric nodes; idiopathic steatorrhea
Whipple’s disease
398
# Proper Nouns
Symptomatic fasting hypoglycemia, FBS \<50mg/dL, relief of symptoms with glucose admin; seen in insulinoma
Whipple’s triad
399
# Proper Nouns
Lichen planus, white plaques
Wickham striae
400
# Proper Nouns
Friendly, talkative; elfin facies; MR, AS, hypercalcemia
Williams syndrome
401
# Proper Nouns
Omental foramen (communication bet. greater and lesser sac)
Foramen of Winslow
402
# Proper Nouns
Enlargement of posterior auricular nodes seen in T. gambiense infection
Winterbottom’s sign
403
# Proper Nouns
X-linked IgM defect; recurrent infections, thrombocytopenic purpura; eczema; IgA
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
404
# Proper Nouns
4p-; “Greek helmet” facies, ptosis, strabismus, nystagmus, hypospadias, MR
Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome
405
# Proper Nouns
Inhibition of thyroid hormone organification by excess I-
Wolff-Chaikoff effect
406
# Proper Nouns
Type 1 DM, DI, optic atrophy, SNHL, bladder dysfunction
Wolfram sydrome
407
# Proper Nouns
Seen in mature arterial thrombi
Lines of Zahn
408
# Proper Nouns
Neuroectodermal round/oval chief cells; in carotid body tumors
Zellballen nests
409
# Proper Nouns
Cerebrohepatorenal syndrome; absent peroxisomes in all tissues
Zellweger’s syndrome
410
# Proper Nouns
False diverticulum above cricopharyngeus; mucosal herniation; halitosis, dysphagia, obstruction
Zenker’s diverticulum
411
# Proper Nouns
Paraaortic ganglia/bodies (can be a site of pheochromocytoma)
Zuckerkandl’s bodies
Extra Stuff
flashcards
Decks in class (8)
# Cards
