Test 1

Question 1

who was archduke Franz Ferdinand

Answer 1

he was the heir to the AH throne

Question 2

what was the significance of franz Ferdinand to ww1

Answer 2

his assassination lead to escalation of a regional Baltic war into a global war

Question 3

who is paul von hindenburg and erich ludendorff

Answer 3

military leaders who controlled germanys entire war efforts on the eastern front (famous for winning battle of tannenburg)

Question 4

who was paul von lettow-vorbeck

Answer 4

a german general leading forces in east africa and is famous for using guerilla warfare. he was heavily outnumbered in most attacks

Question 5

who was Conrad von Hotzendorf

Answer 5

1. the chief of general staff for AH
2. his multiple military failings that led to AH decline
3. wanted to show AH could be a world power

Question 6

who was mustafa memal (ataturk)

Answer 6

1. ottoman military officer
2. best known for Gallipoli campaign
3. founded modern day turkey after the war

Question 7

who was luigi cardona

Answer 7

1.italian chief of staff for early years of ww1
2. known for costly strategies in Isonzo offensives
3. was replaced around 1917

Question 8

what was the L’Union Sacree in france

Answer 8

1. political truce in france to put aside differences and focus on war
2. symbolized national unity in the face of external threat

Question 9

what was the burgfrieden in germay

Answer 9

1. a political truce between all political parties (including socialists) to fight the enemy
2. at beginning of war german politics united to prevent invasion from russia

Question 10

what was the battle of tannenberg

Answer 10

1. germany (led by hindenburg and ludendorff) defeated the russian second army
2. allowed german morale to increase and to focus resources to west an entire army was destroyed

Question 11

what was the first battle of the Marne

Answer 11

1. French and GB armies stopped G advances to paris
2. prevented germans from executing schlieffen plan
3. “miracle” saved france from early defeat

Question 12

what was the battle of the falkland islands

Answer 12

1. fighting between GB and G
2. GB won and reaffirmed british naval superiority
3. took down general spee who was causing problems in south east asia (attacking radio stations)

Question 13

what were the 21 demand

Answer 13

1. demands put on china from japan
2. wanted to control chinese territory and resources
3. japan wanted to become dominant power in asia

Question 14

what was the gallipoli campaign

Answer 14

1. allied forces tried to capture gallipoli peninsula in Ottoman empire
2. costly for allies and allowed the rise of ataturk
3. solidified ottomans in the war

Question 15

what was ANZAC

Answer 15

1. Australian and New Zealand Army Corps
2. tasked with taking the gallipoli peninsula to open a sea route to russia
3. suffered heavy losses

Question 16

what was the Tarnow-Gorlice offensive

Answer 16

1. G and AH offensive against russia forces in the east
2. wanted to push russians out of galicia
3. won the battle and forced russian retreat (shifted momentum in eastern front)

Question 17

what were the VADs

Answer 17

1. voluntary aid detachments
2. civilians who provided medical assistance (mostly women)
3. changed the societal views on womans roles

Question 18

what was the battle of Verdun

Answer 18

1. longest/bloodiest battles between F and G
2. G wanted to “bleed france white” by attacking fortress city
3. turned into war of attrition with over 700k killed

Question 19

what was the Brusilov offensive

Answer 19

1. major russian attack in east lead by general brusilov
2. AH ceased to be independent military after high casualties (under G supervision)
3. forced G to divert resources from west to east to assist AH

Question 20

what was the Battle of the Somme

Answer 20

1. fought between GB and F vs G
2. GB/F wanted to break through G lines
3. 1st day was deadliest in GB history (GB public thought it was “senseless killing”)
4. debut tank as weapon

Question 21

what was the significance of poison gas

Answer 21

1. first used by G in 2nd Ypres battle
2. signifies the brutal nature of trench warfare
3. caused immense fear and suffering

Question 22

what were storm troops

Answer 22

1. specialized german infantry
2. supposed to break through trench warfare
3. equipped with light weapons and were small groups (had rapid success but was too late in war)

Question 23

why did most volunteer nurses come from the middle class

Answer 23

1. had the financial means and time to participate
2. nursing requires certain level of literacy
3. helped challenge traditional gender roles

Question 24

why did most british volunteers joining Womens Land Army come from middle class

Answer 24

1. had the financial stability to join
2. could do land work without directly entering workforce to keep social respect
3. middle-class women could take roles that were meaningful and aligned with social values of the time

Question 25

what were dreadnought battleships

Answer 25

1. revolutionary class of new battleships by GB 2. became symbol of naval supremacy 3. influenced militarization leading up to WW1

Question 26

what was the battle of jutland

Answer 26

1. largest naval battle of WW1 (GB v G) 2. GB wanted to implement blockade on G 3. nobody won decisively but GB continued its blockade which lead to G defeat

Question 27

what was the significance of Germans unrestricted submarine warfare

Answer 27

1. G subs attakced merchant and passenger ships along with military without warning 2. wanted to cripple allied supply lines 3. lead to the US entering the war after Lusitania was sunk