Test 1

Question 1

True or false: When we interact with people who are not part of our cultural in-group, we act out our own scripts. And in order to make sense of their actions, we should interpret them based on our own scripts.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Select all phrases that complete this statement correctly and logically. When we operate on ‘cultural cruise control’, we:
a. run our lives based on our built-in cultural assumptions
b. regard others who are not part of our culture as ‘abnormal’
c. make our own culture the center of our mental universe
d. pay attention to other cultural scripts and seek to understand them

Answer 2

a, b, and c

Question 3

Choose all that apply. Example/s of our ability to operate mindlessly can be:
a. driving a car
b. while traveling abroad, searching a menu for your favorite ‘back-home’ dish
c. taking a test in class

Answer 3

a, b

Question 4

In the context of this course, categorization based on limited information and then perceiving members of those categories as similar to each other is also known as

Answer 4

Stereotyping

Question 5

True or False: People who have never met anyone from another culture do not tend to hold intense stereotypes of that culture

Answer 5

False

Question 6

True or false: If you practice mindfulness and actively pay attention to cultural differences, you will notice that people from other cultural backgrounds actually have relatively little in common with you and cultural differences are constantly coming into play in your interactions.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

True or false: Mindful monitoring means not only paying attention to your own assumptions and noticing cues from others as you seek to understand situations, but also seeking to understand the situation from the perspective of others from their cultural backgrounds rather than yours

Answer 7

True

Question 8

True or false: Cultural intelligence and intercultural competence are not just about knowledge. They are about learning how to apply knowledge as you assess situations, seeking to understand other people’s roles and perspectives in those situations, and then behaving with respect and skill

Answer 8

True

Question 9

True or False: Effective cross-cultural behavior is composed of fixed routines that are learned by paying attention to a set of cultural cues, and then using these routines in all contexts with cultural others.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

True or false: Within every culture people vary in the extent to which they conform to underlying cultural norms.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

_____ people (like race religion, etc. that may be part of an application) is different to ______ because it does not prevent us from also talking about individuals with their own personalities and identities.

Answer 11

1. Categorizing
2. Stereotyping

Question 12

______ are observations about a cultural group based on data taken from a large number or a random sample of individuals.

Answer 12

Generalizations

Question 13

______ restrict the identities and characteristics of a group of people to a small handful of homogenous characteristics or attributes.

Answer 13

Stereotypes

Question 14

______ are a rigid description of a group.

Answer 14

Stereotypes

Question 15

______ support rigid “us”/”them” distinctions.

Answer 15

Stereotypes

Question 16

One way to understand essentialism is that it is a belief that things have a set of characteristics which make them what they are. Essentialism is at the heart of ______

Answer 16

Stereotypes

Question 17

_____ can be the rigid application of cultural ______ to every person in the group

Answer 17

1. Stereotypes
2. Generalizations

Question 18

______ can be avoided to some extent by using cultural _______ as only tentative hypotheses about how an individual member of a group might behave.

Answer 18

1. Stereotypes
2. Generalizations

Question 19

The key to using cultural generalizations without sterotyping is to use them at a _____ level of analysis, seeking to understand _______ behavior as to some extent a manifestation of cultural worldview.

Answer 19

1. Group
2. Individual

Question 20

Whereas categories are semantically open, so that we can flexibly commute from a general social group to a specific individual, ______ try to hold tight to narrow representations of groups.

Answer 20

Stereotypes

Question 21

True or False: Saying that US Americans tend to be more individualistic compared to many other cultural groups is an accurate stereotype about that group.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

True or False: A cultural generalization may become a stereotype if it is definitively applied to individual members of the group.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Select the phrase or phrases that complete the statement. The phrase: “love your neighbor as yourself”,
a. may not require you to actually understand what it is that the other person thinks, feels, or needs
b. may involve parts of empathy, such as taking another person’s perspective
c. could be interpreted as caring and compassion for others only in ways that you would like yourself to be cared for.

Answer 23

a, b, and c

Question 24

True or false: Learning and understanding the historical context and structural inequalities that shape a community helps create social empathy, which can move us toward building a better world.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

The author of your reading makes a distinction between interpersonal and social empathy. Interpersonal empathy has three parts. Select them from the list: a. learning about and understanding the historical experiences of this person's group b. understanding the social inequalities of a person's group c. keeping our own feelings under control so that we do not become absorbed in the other person's issues d. sharing the person's actions and feelings physically and mentally e. seeking to understand another person's perspective

Answer 25

c, d, e

Question 26

Interpersonal empathy is...

Answer 26

Connecting with an individual and their emotions and experiences

Question 27

Social empathy is...

Answer 27

Considering social inequalities and historical context to get a deeper understanding of one's emotions

Question 28

According to the author, there are five components of interpersonal empathy and two additional components that complement interpersonal empathy and reflect social empathy. Select all seven of these components: a. patience and kindness b. macro-perspective taking c. self understanding d. affective mentalizing e. emotion regulation f. perspective-taking g. experience with diverse cultures h. self-other awareness i. contextual understanding j. affective response

Answer 28

b, d, e, f, h, i, j

Question 29

The component of interpersonal empathy, affective response, is related to...

Answer 29

signals that come to us through any of our five sense and trigger a reaction (fight, flight, or freeze)

Question 30

True or false: Self-other awareness is when we 'catch' feelings from other people, much like when one child starts giggling and the others giggle as well, even if they do not know why they are laughing; it's getting 'swept up' in the feelings of others and it is an important part of empathy.

Answer 30

False

Question 31

What is self-other awareness?

Answer 31

Being able to understand, read, and sense the emotions and perspectives that other people have.

Question 32

True or false: Perspective-taking means not asking "what would I do if I were you?", which is one of the most difficult aspects of empathy. In order to be empathetic, we need to engage the components of social empathy.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

Emotion regulation means...

Answer 33

When we are engaging with others and experience emotions, we take control and adapt our feelings to what is going on around us.

Question 34

Select the phrases that complete this statement correctly. In order to engage in social empathy: a. one must have the desire and the interest to learn about people who are different b. one must take a small-scale view of many people's particular situations c. one must seek to understand the socio-historical context in which others live

Answer 34

a, c

Question 35

Empathy denotes that the observer's emotions reflect feeling ____ the other person, whereas compassion and sympathy reflect feeling ____ the other person.

Answer 35

1. with 2. for

Question 36

Individuals in societies that have a ____ degree of _______ accept hierarchies where everyone has a place in a ranking without the need for justification.

Answer 36

High, power distance

Question 37

Those in ____________ cultures accept and feel comfortable in unstructured situations or changeable environments and try to have as few rules as possible. This means that people within these cultures tend to be more tolerant of change.

Answer 37

Low uncertainty avoidance

Question 38

A _____ degree of ______ indicates a low tolerance for uncertainty, ambiguity, and risk-taking. Those within these societies seek to minimize the unknown through strict rules, regulations, and so forth.

Answer 38

High, uncertainty avoidance

Question 39

A high degree of _____ indicates that traditionally feminine and masculine gender roles are more important in that society.

Answer 39

Masculinity

Question 40

High levels of ______ indicate that society allows relatively free gratification and high levels of bon de vivre.

Answer 40

Indulgence

Question 41

In workplaces with ____ ________, employers and managers are more likely to ask employees for input.

Answer 41

low power distance

Question 42

Communication tends to be more indirect in ________ societies

Answer 42

Collectivist

Question 43

Societies with _______ orientations focus on the future in a way that delays quick successes. These societies emphasize traits such as persisitence, perseverance, thrist, saving, and the capacity for adaptation.

Answer 43

long-term

Question 44

In a _______ culture, there is much nonverbal communication and there are many covert and implicit messages.

Answer 44

High context

Question 45

People who live in _______ cultures tend to believe that independence, competition, and personal achievement are important.

Answer 45

Individualist

Question 46

______ cultures assume careful planning and scheduling and paying attention to deadlines. People in this group also tend to be low context.

Answer 46

Monochronic

Question 47

______ orientations emphasize quick results and respect for tradition.

Answer 47

Short-term

Question 48

In a highly ______ society, people may tend to spend more money on luxuries and enjoy more freedom when it comes to leisure time activities.

Answer 48

Indulgent

Question 49

Select the characteristics of individualist cultures. a. emphasize relationships and loyalty b. one makes decisaions accounting for the wants of the collective and what they are bringing or taking away from the group c. basing one's identity on one's personal accomplishments d. value collaboration, communalism, constructive interdependence, and conformity to roles and norms e. place greater importance on the goals and well-being of the group f. one's close social ties are generally limited to one's immediate family members and close friends, with a large circle of acquaintances and loose relations specific to certain activities

Answer 49

c, f

Question 50

True or false: countries that share a border tend to have more differences in culture than those that are farther apart.

Answer 50

False

Question 51

What is Affective mentalizing?

Answer 51

The cognitive capacity to understand one's emotions

Question 52

What is macro-perspective taking?

Answer 52

Understanding issues from a broad, social systems level view