test 1 Flashcards

(39 cards)

1
Q

specific gravity

A

Ysoil/Ywet

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2
Q

Unit weight of soil

A

Ysoil=Wtotal/Vtotal

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3
Q

Water Content

A

(Wwater/Wsoil)*100%

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4
Q

Void Ratio

A

e=Vvoids/Vsolids

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5
Q

Degree of saturation

A

Sr=(Vwater/Vvoids)*100%

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6
Q

Porosity

A

n= Vvoids/Vtotal

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7
Q

Relative Density

A

Dr=(emax-efield)/(emax-emin)

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8
Q

How to find wet unit weight

A

Wtotal/Vtotal

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9
Q

what kind of property is soil compaction

A

index property

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10
Q

what is reduced during soil compaction

A

the air voids

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11
Q

name the reasons soil compaction is used for

A
  • increase soil strength
  • reduce soil settlement
  • reduce soil permeability
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12
Q

what factors affect soil compaction

A
  • soil type
  • water content
  • compaction effort (energy)
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13
Q

what are the methods of soil compaction

A
  • vibration
  • impact loads
  • kneading action
  • pressure
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14
Q

why is water added during soil compaction

A

to lubricated the contact surfaces of the soil and improve the compressibility

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15
Q

how many methods of soil compaction are in the laboratory

A

3

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16
Q

does the modified proctor test have a higher energy compared to the standard proctor

17
Q

what two parameters are used to find the soil compaction curve

A

dry unit weight and moisture content

18
Q

what is relative compaction used to determine

A

the maximum dry density in the field

19
Q

How do you find the effective diameter from the particle size distribution curve

A

it is the size that corresopnds to the D10 value

20
Q

how do you find the coefficient of uniformity (Cu)

21
Q

How do you find the coefficient of curvature

A

(D30)^2/D60*D10

22
Q

is grain size distribution considered an index property

23
Q

what are the methods of grain size distribution

24
Q

Unit weight of dry soil

25
what is the formula for void ratio with specific gravity
e= (Gs*Wc)/Sr
26
what is the weight of solids formula
Ws=Gs(Yw)
27
what active impacts result in stresses in soil layers
- building construction - dams - embankments - roadways/railways - bridges
28
what passive impacts result in stresses in soil layers
- slope failure - flow/ landslides - erosion - flooding - piping - earthquake
29
chemical weathering results in what kind of soils
fine soils
30
how is colluvial soil transported
gravity
31
how is alluvial soil transported
water
32
how is aeolian soil transported
wind
33
how is glacial soil transported
ice
34
name an ecosystem with alluvial soil
- fluvial - estuarine - lacustrine - coastal - marine
35
name an ecosystem with glacial soil
- hard pan - terminal moraine - esker - kettles
36
name an ecosystem with aeolian soils
- sand dunes - loess
37
name an ecosystem with colluvial soil
talus
38
what are the structures of coarse/ cohesionless soil (sand&gravel)
loose and dense
39
what are the structures of fine & cohesive soil (silt&clay)
- honeycomb - dispersed - flocculated (salt&fresh water)