- Kara interviews five drug users and discovers that four regularly carry weapons. Based on this information, she argues that all drug users carry weapons. This is an example of:
Overgeneralization
- Examining the effect of a drug court program on offenders’ drug use in order to make a recommendation as to whether more states should establish drug courts is an example of:
Evaluation research
- A researcher wants to examine the role that girls have in the social structure of a gang. She wants to observe the gang and hear how girls talk about the experience of being a gang member. When collecting data, she is most likely to use what type of method?
Qualitative
- The process of social research can create valid answers because it:
Reduces the likelihood of making everyday errors in reasoning
- Studying the effect that abusing animals as a teenager has on a person’s likelihood of being a perpetrator of domestic violence as an adult is an example of:
Explanatory Research
- Research shows that most criminals are poor. Many people think, therefore, that most poor people are criminals. This is an example of:
Illogical reasoning
- Which of the following best describes an example of descriptive research about youth gang members?
A Study examining who gang members are and what their activities are
- In explaining her position on the death penalty, Sally states, “I support the death penalty because my parents do and I trust their opinions.” She is committing which type of reasoning error?
Error to authority
True experiments must have:
True experiments must have all of the following elements: independent and dependent variables, a pre-test and post-test and experimental and control groups.
Our emotions can influence us even before we begin to reason about what we have observed.
True
Personal motivations are valid motives for criminological research.
True
Quantitative research is more scientific than qualitative research
False
. Peer review is part of the scientific process
TRUE
Social science is the study of individuals, societies, and social processes.
TRUE
A researcher argues that individuals with low self-control are more likely to commit crimes than individuals with high self-control. The independent variable in this proposition can be stated most clearly as
intensity of self control
According to deterrence theory, punishment for a deviant act reduces the likelihood that a person will repeat the act. A researcher decides that it must therefore be likely that tougher gun control laws would reduce the gun crimes of repeat offenders. This is an example of
deductive reasoning
If there is a negative relationship between income and crime, crime might be reduced by
increasing income
A positive relationship implies that
both variables move ins game direction
An observer of street corner groups finds that more acts of vandalism are committed by same-sex groups than by mixed-sex groups. She speculates that the propensity to commit publicly deviant acts is a product of competition for recognition among peers of equal status. This speculation is an example of:
inductive reasoning
The Sherman and Berk domestic violence study in Minneapolis and its replications suggested that arrest reduces recidivism in domestic cases only for employed persons. This conclusion was the result of
inductive reasoning based on identifying patterns
Replication of research findings
makes important contributions to a larger body of social science knowledge
Inductive reasoning
uses data to develop general ideas
A researcher finds that drug laws increase drug abuse. Her study
positive correlation between drug laws and drug abuse
It is not necessary to an experiment that the theory be falsifiable
false
