Test 11/13

Question 1

An ionic bond forms between a metal and a _______.

Answer 1

nonmetal

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from metals to nonmetals.

Question 2

An ion is defined as an atom or group of atoms that has either a _______ or _______ charge.

Answer 2

positive or negative

Ions are formed when atoms lose or gain electrons.

Question 3

A neutral atom becomes a cation when it _______.

Answer 3

loses an electron

Cations have a positive charge.

Question 4

A neutral atom becomes an anion when it _______.

Answer 4

gains an electron

Anions have a negative charge.

Question 5

Metals tend to _______ valence electrons.

Answer 5

lose

This tendency leads to the formation of cations.

Question 6

Nonmetals tend to _______ valence electrons.

Answer 6

gain

This tendency leads to the formation of anions.

Question 7

Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons from metals to _______.

Answer 7

nonmetals

This transfer creates ions that attract each other.

Question 8

Ionic compounds are typically hard crystalline solids with _______ melting points.

Answer 8

high

The strong ionic bonds contribute to their high melting points.

Question 9

Ionic compounds can conduct electricity when _______.

Answer 9

dissolved in water

This is due to the mobility of ions in solution.

Question 10

In covalent bonding, electrons are _______.

Answer 10

shared

This sharing leads to the formation of molecules.

Question 11

Covalent bonds typically form between _______ elements.

Answer 11

nonmetals

Nonmetals share electrons to achieve stable electron configurations.

Question 12

Covalent compounds generally have a _______ melting point.

Answer 12

low

This is due to weaker intermolecular forces compared to ionic compounds.

Question 13

Covalent compounds are often found in the _______ or _______ state at room temperature.

Answer 13

liquid or gas

Many covalent compounds are not solid at room temperature.

Question 14

Practice drawing a covalent bond for _______.

Answer 14

Cl2

This exercise helps visualize the sharing of electrons between atoms.