Epic of Gilgamesh ID and SIG
- took place 2331 BCE
- in Akkad
- highlights the flood from 6000 years ago
- first epic or great literature
- parallels stories like Noah’s ark and
- Represents the 10 foot rise in water within 1 century
Royal tombs of ur ID and SIG
- discovered by Cl Woolley in 1922- 1934 In surmeria
- mass grave of 68 people who knowingly took poison to be with their leader
- one of the first moments where the world saw the surmerian civilizations culture
- represents mass loyalty and confidence
Code of huammurabi ID and SIg
- 282 laws inscribed on a stone for the public of Babylon in 1755-1755 BCE
- put on basalt stele
- depicts was from the god shamash
- origin concept for eye for and eye
- set first divinity and societal laws
- stood the test of time
Ziggurats
- a stack of 1-7 platforms decreasing in size from bottom to top
- place of worship for gods
- represents places for ceremonies and worship of gods
- important for honour
- towel of babel
Sargon the great
- ## leader of Akkadian’s and established capital (Akkad)
- unified lower Mesopotamia in 2331 after Sumerian conquering
- spread culture in Mesopotamia
Chronological dating
- radio carbon dating
- absolute dating
- provides estimate of years (lower or higher)
- the further the time in past the bigger margin for error
- examines the chemical composition
Relative dating
- older/younger dating
- provides sequence and whether something is old/young/same age
- uses stratigraphy
Stratigraphy
- sequences of geological layers formed from water or wind deposits
- relative
Law of association
- says two things are the same age because they were found in same layer
Law of superposition
Says something is younger than something else if it is higher in layering
Radio carbon dating
RadioCarbon studies the radioactive isotopes like c14 and ur238 in organic remains to find the date from decaying material
Chronometric
Detrochronology
Tree ring patterns, chronometric
Molecular clocks
Slight genetic markers changing at a known rate, Chronometric
Radio carbon dating
Created by Willard Libby at u of Chicago
Dates artifacts from geological events 50 000 years ago
Chronometric
Aust. Afar.
Extinct species from 3.9-2.9 million years ago in Pliocene Africa
Found by Johanson
Aust. Bois.
Species from Pleistocene east Africa from 2.5-1.9 million years ago
Found by Mary leaky in 1959
Homo erectus
First upright humans
Extinct human species from 2 million years ago
Homo Neanderthal
Extinct human species from 40 000 years ago
Found in Germany
Homo Sapiens Sapiens
Current humans
Sub species of extinct Homo sapiens
300 000 years ago
Libby
Chemist who created radio carbon dating in 1949
Leakey
Found early hominids including Australopithecus Bosei
Johanson
Discovered hominid Lucy also known as Australopithecus afarensis
Wooley
Excavated the royal tombs of ur between 1922-1934
