Why does muscle strength allow for and what factors affect strength
It allows for ability to resist or produce force by a muscle
Factors
- muscle angle of pull
- angle of resistance
- muscle length
- speed of contraction
What are the method of assessment for muscle strength
- free weights (weakest point in ROM)
- weight machine
- isokinetics
- dynamometers
- electromyography
- MMT
True or false
EMG can determine muscle strength
False
What are issues with isokinetics
Poor stabilization
High cost
Set up is timely
What are some characteristics of MMT
- used to assess strength of a muscle
- can be performed isometrically or isotonically
- used during assessment
What are the characteristic of manual resistance exercise
- used to increase strength of a muscle
- can be performed isometrically or isotonically
- used during rehab
What are the basic rules of MMT
- stabilize proximal segment
- place joint in antigravity position
- apply pressure opposite side
- apply pressure gradually
- use a long level when possible
What are the types of MMT
Break test(hold for 5 secs)
MMT through full ROM (test for 5 reps)
What should patient do during testing
- should be against gravity
- should keep other body parts stable
- be comfort
What is the order of testing for the patient
Supine Side-lying Prone Seated Standing
What is fixation influenced by
- examining table
- body weight
- examiner
- muscles
What range should you go to if you test one or two joint muscles
One joint muscle - end range
Two joint muscle- midrange
What are the advantages of proper test position
- detection of muscle substitution
- AIDS in grading
What is resistance
Force hat hinders motion applied by examiner or gravity
What is substitution
Muscle or muscle groups attempt to compensate for a weak muscle
What are causes of weakness
Pain Muscle tear or rupture Contracture Peripheral nerve impairment Muscle imbalances
What position should you test in if gravity causes pain or weakness
Horizontal plane
What’s the qualitative, letter, % for grade zero
-zero or absent
-0
-0
No contraction, no voluntary muscle response
What’s the qualitative, letter, % for grade 1
-trace
-T
-10%
Muscle contraction but no movement
What’s the qualitative, letter, % for grade 2
-poor
-P
-25%
Full ROM without gravity
What’s the qualitative, letter, % for grade 3
-fair
-F
-50%
Full ROM with gravity
What’s the qualitative, letter, % for grade 4
-good
-G
-75%
Full ROM with gravity and moderate resistance
What’s the qualitative, letter, % for grade 5
-Normal
-N
-100%
Full ROM with gravity and maximum resistance
What does MMT stand for
Manual muscle test
