Test 2

Question 1

Define diffusion

Answer 1

Movement of a substance from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, this is a passive process that does not require energy

Question 2

Define Osmosis

Answer 2

The movement of water from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration across a selectively permeable membrane

Question 3

Define Plasmolysis

Answer 3

The shrinkage of cytoplasm pulling the cell membrane from the cell wall due to a loss of water by osmosis when plant cells are placed in a concentrated salt solution

Question 4

Define Turgor Pressure

Answer 4

Pressure of cytoplasm and vacuole against cell wall caused by water entering the cell by osmosis

Question 5

Define Selectively permeable

Answer 5

Only allows certain substances to pass through it

Question 6

Define Wilting

Answer 6

The drooping of a plant due to loss of cell turgidity caused by a lack of water through transpiration

Question 7

Define Active transport

Answer 7

Movement of substance against concentration gradient from area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration

Question 8

Why is energy required for the uptake of minerals

Answer 8

Minerals are less concentrated in soil than in cell this uses active transport which uses energy to move against the concentration gradient

Question 9

Name a part of a cell that is selectively permeable

Answer 9

Cell membrane

Question 10

Explain why potted plants lose turgidity on a warm day, what word is used to describe a plant that has lost its turgidity

Answer 10

A) The amount of water lost by transpiration is greater than water taken in by roots, making the cells lose its turgidity
B) Wilted

Question 11

Explain how jam preserves fruit

Answer 11

High sugar content pulls water out of microorganisms by osmosis dehydration kills them