test 2 - part 1

Question 1

What is a gene?

Answer 1

a segment of DNA capable of making a protein; determines our individual biological development

Question 2

What is DNA?

Answer 2

a complex molecule containing the genetic info that makes up the chromosomes

Question 3

What are chromosomes?

Answer 3

threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes

Question 4

What are identical twins?

Answer 4

• twins who develop from a single fertilized egg that splits in 2, creating 2 genetically identical organisms

Question 5

What are fraternal twins?

Answer 5

• twins who develop from separate fertilized eggs

- genetically no closer than brothers and sisters, but they share a fetal environment

Question 6

Monozygotic = ___________

Answer 6

• identical twins

Question 7

Dizygotic = __________

Answer 7

• fraternal twins

Question 8

T/F: identical twins who are reared separately from birth, or soon after birth, share many similarities such as personality, appearance, intelligence, abilities, attitudes, interests, and fears

Answer 8

• true

Question 9

T/F parenting doen’t have an effect on biologically unrelated children

Answer 9

• False

Question 10

Parenting influences children’s:

Answer 10

• attitudes
• values
• manners
• beliefs
• faith
• politics

Question 11

What is temperament?

Answer 11

• refers to a person’s stable emotional reactivity and intensity

Question 12

T/F Temperament is influenced by the environment

Answer 12

• True

Question 13

T/F Identical twins don’t express similar temperaments

Answer 13

• False

Question 14

Evolutionary psych

Answer 14

• study of why we as humans are alike

- In particular it studies the evolution of behavior and mind using principles of natural selection

Question 15

Natural selection

Answer 15

• an evolutionary process through which adaptive traits are passed on to ongoing ben bc these traits help animals survive and reproduce

Question 16

T/F Parental influence isn’t largely genetic

Answer 16

• false

Question 17

Peers are influential in such areas as:

Answer 17

• learning to cooperate w/ others, gaining popularity

- developing interactions

Question 18

What is culture?

Answer 18

• composition of behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values and traditions shared by a group and transmitted from one gen to the next

Question 19

individualism

Answer 19

• giving priority to one’s own goals over group and defining one’s identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications

Question 20

Collectivism

Answer 20

• giving priority to goals of one’s group (often one’s extended family or work group) and defining one’s identity accordingly

Question 21

What is an example of a predominantly individualist culture?

Answer 21

• European populations

Question 22

What is an example of a predominantly collectivist culture?

Answer 22

• Asian Populations

Question 23

Based on genetic makeup, males and females are alike, since:

Answer 23

• majority of our inherited genes (45 chromosomes are unisex) are similar

Question 24

T/F: Males and females differ

Answer 24

• True

Question 25

T/F: Males and females differ biologically in body fat, muscle, height, onset of puberty, and life expectancy

Answer 25

- True

Question 26

T/F In males, the nature of aggression is rarely physical

Answer 26

- False

Question 27

Do men or women express themselves in more aggressive ways?

Answer 27

- Men

Question 28

in most societies, men are perceived as what?

Answer 28

- dominant

Question 29

Which gender is better at forming relationships?

Answer 29

- men

Question 30

What is the X chromosome?

Answer 30

the sex chromosome found in both men and women

Question 31

What is the Y Chromosome?

Answer 31

sex chromosome found only in males