What’s the different material selection for padding
Density Strength Stiffness Conformability Self-adherence Durability Ease of fabrication Availability and cost
What are new things to consider for padding
Bacteria/ virus Ecofriendly materials Hydrophobic materials(dry-fit) Absorptive material (silver) Cleaning materials (athlete sharing)
What are the different types of materials
Low density or soft materials
- gauze
- felt
- moleskin
- foam
- neoprene
What is gauze used for
As an absorbent or protective pad
What does a neoprene pad consist of
Nylon coated rubber(increase prorioception)
Uniform compression
Therapeutic warmth
Small amount of support
What is felt
- Matted wool fibers pressed into several thickness
- can absorb perspiration
- does not move under stress and replaced often
What is moleskin
- Thin get with adhesive bond on one side
- prevent movement when applied to skin
- used over higher friction spots
What is open cell foam
- allows air passage from cell to cell
- can absorb fluids
- used to pad bony prominences
- deforms quickly
- lower shock absorption
What does close cell foam consist of
Air can not pass through Used for protection Less cushioning at low levels Returns to shape quickly Less comfortable on skin
What are the high density or hard materials
Thermomoldable plastics
-orthoplast/aquaplast
Casting materials
-fiberglass and plaster
What are the problems with fiberglass and plaster
Odor, itch, moisture, infections, blister
What are the lower extremity areas that are commonly padded
Quadriceps
Calf
Iliac crest
What are the upper extremities that are commonly padded
AC joint
Biceps
Triceps
Forearm/wrist/thumb
What are the rules for pads
- hard pads allowed on arm, elbow, wrist/hand
- covered with 1/2 in thick closed cell
- written authorization by MD
- referee has ultimate decision making
True or false
Athlete can be ejected if cast used as weapon
True
What’s the goal of pad construction
To decrease injury potential
- increase the impact area band transfer forces
- limit motion of a body part
- reduce friction between contact surfaces
- absorb energy
- resist absorption of bacteria,fungi, & virus
What are the different types of knee braces
Prophylactic
Functional
Rehabilitative
Patellofemoral
What does a prophylactic knee brace consist of
- bilateral or lateral bar design
- graphite and aluminum disperse forces during low impact activites
What are the problems with prophylactic knee braces
- little impact on proprioception and gait
- may inhibit strength and speed during running
- AAOS conclude that they are ineffective in reducing knee injuries
- may even contribute to injury
What does the function knee brace consist of
- AKA de-rotation or ACL brace
- limit tibial rotation and extension
- straps and shell
What does performance depend on for functional knee brace
- anterior shear load
- patient comfort
What are the factors effecting functional knee brace
- attachment technique
- hinge design
- limb contours
- type of attachment
- materials
- displacement between brace and soft tissue
What does a straight immobilizer for the knee consist of
- light weight
- made of foam with hard plastic or metal
- no flexion ROM allowed
What does the hinged rehabilitative knee brace consists of
- ROM is set by the clinician
- double adjustable hinged
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M&C of Sports Trauma33
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Cryotherapy & Thermotherapy32
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C&T Part 223
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Thermotherapy13
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PPE28
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How To Treat Wounds5
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Environmental Conditions Heat36
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Body Composition Assessment46
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EAP22
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EC & Injures:heat Part 233
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Cold Injures40
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Test 326
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Test 3.137
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Test 3.228
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Test 3.338
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Acroyoms17
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Test 3.431
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Wbgt5
