Atmosphere
Layer of gases surrounding Earth
Hydrosphere
All water on Earth
Geosphere
Solid part of earth
Biosphere
All living things
Evaporation
Water from oceans, lakes, and soil changes to vapor
Transpiration
Plants releases water vapor from their leaves
Condensation
Water vapor cools and forms clouds
Runoff
Water flows across land into rivers, lakes, and oceans
Infiltration/Percolation
Water seeps into the ground to become ground water
What is plate tectonics
the theory that Earth’s outermost layer (the lithosphere) is divided into large slabs called tectonic plates that are constantly moving
Lower mantle
Solid rock- Not a part of. The tectonic plates
How do the plate tectonics move
Convection currents in the mantle
Convergent
Plates move toward each other
Divergents
Plates move away from each other
Transform tectonic plates
Plates slip and grind against each other
Matter
Matter cannot be created or destroyed- only transformed
The carbon cycle steps
Photosynthesis, consumption, respiration, decomposition, combustion
Photosynthesis
Plants take o CO2 and make sugar
Consumption
Animals eat plants, transferring carbon
Respiration
Plants and animals release CO2 back into the atmosphere
Decomposition
Decomposers return carbon to soil and air
Combustion
Burning fossils fuels releases stored carbon as CO2
The nitrogen cycle steps
Nitrogen fixation, nitrification, assimilation, ammonification, denitrification
Why do we need nitrogen
Nitrogen is needed for proteins and DNA
