1
Q
The drug diphenhydramine is classified as a(n)
- diuretic
- antipyretic
- antihistamine
- emetic
A
antihistamine
2
Q
A graphic diagram of signal values representing various absorbing properties within the part being imaged is called a
- processing algorithm
- DICOM
- histogram
- window
A
histogram
3
Q
Another name for Hirschsprung disease, the most common cause of lower GI obstruction in neonates, is
- intussusception
- volvulus
- congenital megacolon
- pyloric stenosis
A
congenital megacolon
4
Q
A positive contrast agent
- absorbs x-ray photons
- is composed of elements having high atomic number
- is seen as a dark area on the image
- 1 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2, and 3
A
1 and 2 only
5
Q
The primary function of filtration is to reduce
- patient skin dose
- operator dose
- image noise
- scattered radiation
A
Patient skin dose
6
Q
Proper body mechanics includes a wide base of support. The base of support is the portion of the body
- in contact with the floor or other horizontal surface
- in the midportion of the pelvis or lower abdomen
- passing through the center of gravity
- none of the above
A
in contact with the floor or other horizontal surface
7
Q
The mediolateral projection of the knee shown below could best be improved by
- rotating the patient forward
- rotating the patient backward
- angling the central ray (CR) about 5 degrees caudad
- angling the CR about 5 degrees cephalad
A
angling the CR about 5 degrees cephalad
8
Q
Which of the following types of adult tissue is (are) comaratively insensitive to effects of ionizing radiation?
- Epithelial tissue
- Nerve tissue
- Muscle tissue
- 1 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2, and 3
A
2 and 3 only
9
Q
Geometric unsharpness will be least obvious
- at long SID
- with small focal spots
- at the anode end of the image
- 1 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2, and 3
A
1, 2, and 3
10
Q
Which of the dose-response curves shown below a direct relationship between dose and response?
- Curve number 1
- Curve number 2
- Curve number 3
- 1 only
- 2 only
- 1 and 3 only
- 1, 2, and 3
A
1 and 3 only
11
Q
The carpal scaphoid can be demonstrated in which of the following projection(s) of the wrist?
- PA oblique
- PA with radial deviation
- PA with elbow elevated 20 degrees
- 1 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 1 and 3 only
- 1, 2, and 3
A
1 only
12
Q
A patient who has been recumbnt for some time and gets up quickly may suffer from light-headedness or feel faint. This is referred to as
- dyspnea
- orthopnea
- hypertension
- orthostatic hypotension
A
orthostatic hypotension
13
Q
Which of the following is a functional study used to demonstrate the degree of AP motion present in the cervical spine?
- Moving mandible position
- AP open-mouth projection
- Laterals in flexion and extension
- AP right and left bending
A
Laterals in flexion and extension
14
Q
Which of the following is (are) evaluation criteria for a PA chest radiograph of the heart and lungs?
- Ten posterior ribsshould be seen above the diaphragm.
- The medial ends of the clavicles should be equidistant from the vertebral column.
- The scapulae should be seen through the upper lung fields.
- 1 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2, and 3
A
1 and 2 only
15
Q
The housing surrounding an x-ray tube functions to
- retain heat within the glass envelope
- protect from electric shock
- keep leakage radiation to a minimum
- 1 and 2 only
- 1 and 3 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2, and 3
A
2 and 3 only
16
Q
When interviewing a patient, what is it that the healthcare professional can observe?
- Symptoms
- History
- Objective signs
- Subjective signs
A
Objective signs
17
Q
The effective energy of an x-ray beam is increased by increasing the
- added filtration
- kilovoltage
- milliamperage
- 1 only
- 2 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 1, 2, and 3
A
1 and 2 only
18
Q
Which of the following statements is true with regard to the two CT images seen below?
- Image A illustrates more superior structures.
- The images are sagittal reconstructions.
- The examination was performed without artificial contrast.
- 1 only
- 1 and 3 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2, and 3
A
1 only
19
Q
The structure labled number 7 below image B is the
- IVC
- aorta
- spleen
- left kidney
A
aorta
20
Q
Drugs that may be used to prolong blood clotting time include
- heparin
- diphenhydramine
- lidocaine
- 1 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 1 and 3 only
- 1, 2, and 3
A
1 only
21
Q
Characteristics of a patient with pulmonary emphysema include
- hyperventilation
- increased AP diameter of the chest
- shoulder girdle elevation
- 1 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2, and 3
A
2 and 3 only
22
Q
Which among the following components is (are) part of the gantry of a CT imaging system?
- X-ray tube
- Detector array
- Control panel
- 1 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2, and 3
A
1 and 2 only
23
Q
Brightness and contrast resolution in digital imaging can be influenced by
- window level (WL)
- window width (WW)
- look-up table (LUT)
- 1 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2, and 3
A
1, 2, and 3
24
Q
Which of the following is the approximate skin dose for 5 minutes of fluoroscopy performed at 1.5 mA?
- 3.7 rad
- 7.5 rad
- 15 rad
- 21 rad
A
15 rad
25
To image suspected free air within the abdominal cavity of an infant, which of the following projections of the abdomen will dimonstrate the condition with the *lowest* patient dose?
* PA erect with grid
* Right lateral decubitus with grid
* Right lateral decubitus witout grid
* Recumbent AP without grid
Right lateral decubitus witout grid
26
An AP oblique projection (latera rotation) of the elbow will demonstrate the
1. olecranon process within the olecranon fossa
2. capitulum of the humerus
3. radial head head free of superimposition
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 2 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
2 and 3 only
27
Which of the following x-ray circuit devices operate(s) on the principle of mutual induction?
1. High-voltage transformer
2. Filament transformer
3. Autotransformer
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 1 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1 and 2 only
28
Pathologic or abnormal conditions that wouuld require an increase in technical factors include all of the following *except*
* atelectasis
* pneumoperitoneum
* Paget disease
* congestive heart failure
pneumoperitoneum
29
The risk of inoculation with HIV is considereed high for which of the following entry sites?
1. Broken skin
2. Perinatal exposure
3. Accidental needle stick
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 2 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1 and 2 only
30
Which of the following medication routes refers to the term *parenteral*?
1. Subcutaneous
2. Intramuscular
3. Oral
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 2 and 3 only
* 1, 2. and 3
1 and 2 only
31
The position illustrated below can be used successfully to demonstrate the
1. PA oblique sternum
2. left anterior ribs
3. barium-filled gastric fundus
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 2 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1 and 2 only
32
The AP axial projection of the pulmonary apices requires the CR to be directed
* 15 degrees cephalad
* 15 degrees caudad
* 30 degrees cephalad
* 30 degrees caudad
15 degrees cephalad
33
Which of the following is an acceptable approximate entrance skin exposure (ESE) for a PA chest radiograph?
* 6mR
* 20 mR
* 38 mR
* 0.6 R
20 mR
34
Typical patient demographic and examination information include(s)
1. type of examination
2. accession number
3. date and time of examinatin
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 2 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3
35
Typical patient demographic and examination information include(s)
1. type of examination
2. accession number
3. date and time of examinatin
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 2 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3
36
The fact that x-ray intensity across the primary beam can vary as much as 45% describes the
* line-focus principle
* transformer law
* anode heel effect
* inverse-square law
anode heel effect
37
Which of he xiray circuit devices shown below operates on the principle if self-inducetion?
* Number 1
* Number 3
* Number 5
* Number 7
Number 1
38
Reffering to the simplified x-ray circuit shown below, what is indicated by the number 3?
* Step-up transformer
* Autotransformer
* Filament circuit
* Rectification system
Step-up transformer
39
Which of the following is (are) characteristic(s) of anemia?
1. Decreased number of circulating red blood cells
2. Decreased hemoglobin
3. Hermaturia
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 1 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1 and 2 only
40
Which of the following terms/units is used to express the resolution of a diagnostic image?
* Line pairs per millimeter (lp/mm)
* Speed
* Latitude
* Kiloelectronvolts (keV)
Line pairs per millimeter (lp/mm)
41
The advantages of high-frequency generators over earlier types of generators include
1. smaller size
2. nearly constant potential
3. lower patient dose
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 1 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3
42
a radiograph exposed using a 12:1 ratio grid may exhibit a loss of reciptor exposure at its lateral edges because the
* SID was too great
* grid failed to move during the exposure
* x-ray tube was abgled in teh direction of the lead strips
* CR was off-center
SID was too great
43
A signed consent form is necessary prior to performing all the following procedures except
* myelogram
* cardiac catheterization
* uppper GI series
* interventional vascular procedure
myelogram
44
The *best* projection to demonstrate the articular surfaces of the femoropatellar articulation is the
* AP knee
* PA knee
* tangential ("sunrise") projection
* tunnel view
tangential ("sunrise") projection
45
Acceptable method(s) of minimizing motion unsharpness is (are)
1. suspended respiration
2. short exposure time
3. patient instruction
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 1 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3
46
In amorphous selenium flat-panel detectors, the term *amorphous* refers to a
* crystalline material having typical crystalline structure
* crystalline material lacking typical crystalline structure
* toxic crystalline material
* homogeneous crystalline material
crystalline material lacking typical crystalline structure
47
The National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NRCP) recommends an annual occupational effective (stochastic) dose equivalent limit of
* 50 mSv (5 rem)
* 100 mSv (10 rem)
* 25 mSv (2.5 rem)
* 200 mSv (20 rem)
100 mSv (10 rem)
48
The image below was obtained while testing
* rectifier operation of a single-phased x-ray unit
* rectifier operation of a three-pased x-ray unit
* timer accuracy of a single-phase x-ray unit
* timer accuracy of a three-phase x-ray unit
rectifier operation of a single-phased x-ray unit
49
The following procedures demonstrate renal function
1. IVU
2. excretory urography
3. retrograde urography
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 2 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1 and 2 only
50
T eject a K-shell electron from a tungsten atom, the incoming electron must have an energy of *at least*
* 60 keV
* 70 keV
* 80 keV
* 90 keV
70 keV
51
The sternoclavicular joints will be *best* demonstrated in which of the following positions?
* Apical lordotic
* Anterior oblique
* Lateral
* Weight-bearing
Anterior oblique
52
Which of the following image intensifier modes will result in the lowest patient dose?
* a 25 inch mode
* a 17 inch mode
* a 12 inch mode
* Diameter does not affect patient dose
a 25 inch mode
53
The *most frequent* site of hospital-acquired infection is the
* urinary tract
* blood
* respiratory tract
* digestive tract
urinary tract
54
Which of the following statements is (are) *true* regarding the control dosimeter that accompanies each shipment of personal radiation monitors?
1. It should be stored away from all radiation sources.
2. It should be stored in the main work area.
3. It should be used to replace an employees lost monitor.
* 1 only
* 2 only
* 1 and 3 only
* 2 and 3 only
1 only
55
Continous rotation of the CT x-ray tube and detector array, with simultaneous movement of the CT couch, has been accomplished through implementation of
* additional cables
* slip rings
* multiple rows of detectors
* electron beam CT
slip rings
56
The tow types of cells in the body are
* connective and nerve
* genetic and connective
* somatic and nerve
* somatic and genetic
somatic and genetic
57
A satisfactory radiograph was made without a grid using a 72-inch SID and 8 mAs. If the distance is changed to 40 inches and a 12:1 ratio grid is added, what should be the new milliampere-seconds value?
* 9.5 mAs
* 12 mAs
* 21 mAs
* 26 mAs
12 mAs
58
Which of the following involve(s) intentional misconduct?
1. Invasion of privacy
2. False imprisonment
3. Patient sustaining injury from a fall while left unattended
* 1 only
* 3 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 2 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
59
The brightness level of the fluoroscopic image depends on
1. milliamperage
2. kilovoltage
3. patient thickness
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 1 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3
60
Which of the following contribute to image contrast in SF/analog imaging?
1. Tissue density
2. Pathology
3. Muscle development
* 1 and 2 only
* 1 and 3 only
* 2 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3
61
In 1906, Bergonie and Tribondeau theorized that undifferentiated cells are highly radiosensitive. Which of the following is (are) characteristic(s) of undifferentiated cells?
1. Young cells
2. Highly mitotic cells
3. Precursor cells
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 1 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3
62
The submentovertical (SMV) oblique axial projection of the zygomatic arches requires that the skull be rotated
* 15 degrees toward the affected side
* 15 degrees away from the affected side
* 45 degrees toward the affected side
* 45 degrees away from the affected side
15 degrees toward the affected side
63
The image of the pelvis shown in Figure below is unacceptable because of
* motion
* inadequate penetration
* scattered radiation fog
* excessive receptor exposure
scattered radiation fog
64
The effect that differential absorption has on radiographic contrast of a high subject contrast part can be minimized by
1. using a compensating filter
2. using high kilovoltage technical factors
3. increased collimation
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 2 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1 and 2 only
65
The chest radiograph shown in Figure below demonstrates
* breathing motion
* aliasing artifact
* double exposure
* off-level grid cutoff
aliasing artifact
66
Which of the following is *most likely* to occur as a result of using a 30-inch SID with a 14 x 17 inch IR to image a fairly homogeneous structure?
* Production of quantum mottle
* Receptor expsure variation between opposite ends of the IR
* Production of scatter radiation fog
* Excessively short-scale contrast
Receptor expsure variation between opposite ends of the IR
67
Which of the fllowing is (are) correct regarding care of protective leaded apparel?
1. Lead aprons should be fluoroscoped yearly to check for cracks.
2. Lead gloves should be fluoroscoped yearly to chck for cracks.
3. Lead aprons should be hung on appropriae racks when not in use.
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 1 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3
68
An exposure was made using 300 mA and 50 ms. If the exposure time is changed to 22 ms, wwhich of the followingmilliamperage selections would *most* closely approximate the original receptor exposure?
* 300 mA
* 400mA
* 600 mA
* 700 mA
700 mA
69
Which of the following is (are) considered long-term somatic effect(s) of exposure to ionizing radiation?
1. Life-span shortening
2. Carcinogenesis
3. Cataractogenesis
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 2 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3
70
Advantages of direct digital radiography (DR) over computed radiography (CR) include
1. DR is less expensive
2. DR has immediate readout
3. IPs are not needed for DR
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 2 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
2 and 3 only
71
The collimator light and actual irradiated area must be accurate to within
* 2% of the SID
* 5% of the SID
* 10% of the SID
* 15% of the SID
2% of the SID
72
All th following statements regarding the bony thorax are true *except*
* the first seven pairs of ribs are referred to as vertebrosternal, or true, ribs
* the only articulation between the thorax and the upper extremity is the sternoclaviular joint
* the gladiolus is the upper part of the sternum and is quadrilateral in shape
* the anterior ends of the ribs are about 4 inches belos the level of the vertebral ends
the gladiolus is the upper part of the sternum and is quadrilateral in shape
73
Several types of exposure timers may be found on x-ray equipment. Which of the following types of timers is the most accurate?
* Synchronous
* Impulse
* Electronic
* Transformer
Electronic
74
The late effects of radiation are considered to
1. have no threshould dose
2. be directly related to dose
3. occur within hours of exposure
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 2 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1 and 2 only
75
The lesser tubercle of the humerus will be visualized in profile in the
* AP shoulder external rotation radiograph
* AP shoulder internal rotation radiograph
* AP elbow radiograph
* Lateral elbow radiograph
AP shoulder internal rotation radiograph
76
Which one of the following is (are) used to control the production of scattered radiation?
1. Collimators
2. Optimal kV
3. Use of grids
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 2 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1 and 2 only
77
With the patient in an erect 45-degree LPO and the CR directed 2 inches lateral to the upper outer border of the shoulder, which of the followingwill be visualized to best advantages?
* Coronoid process free of superimposition
* Coracoid process free of superimposition
* Glenoid cavity in profile
* Greater tubercle in profile
Glenoid cavity in profile
78
Which of the following groups of technical factors would deliver the *lowest* patient dose?
* 2.5 mAs, 100 kVp
* 5 mAs, 90 kVp
* 5 mAs, 70 kVp
* 10 mAs, 80 kVp
2.5 mAs, 100 kVp
79
Which of the following is (are) included in whole-body dose equivalents?
1. Gonads
2. Lens
3. Extremities
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 2 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1 and 2 only
80
Which of the following is (are) valid evaluation criteria for a lateral projection of the forearm?
1. The radius and the ulna should be superimposed distally.
2. The coronoid process and the radial head should be partially superimposed.
3. The humeral epicondyles should be superimposed.
* 1 only
* 1 and 2 only
* 2 and 3 only
* 1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3
RAD TECH
flashcards
Decks in class (5)
# Cards
