Test Questions Unit 2 (Chapter 3)

Question 1

Around hot-water vents deep in the ocean live specialize communities. Bacteria turn H2S into reduced carbon compounds through chemosynthesis. The bacteria then provide food to other life forms. Compared to terrestrial food chains, the bacteria fill the same role as(the 2 in "H2S" is subscripted):
A) Heterotrophic, primary consumers
B) Anaerobic decomposers
C) Heterotrophic, tertiary consumers
D) Autotrophic, primary producers
E) Heterotrophic, secondary consumers

Answer 1

D) Autotrophic, primary producers

Question 2

On land, water that reaches the atmosphere from the surface of leaves does so through a process known as:
A) Condensation
B) Evaporation
C) Transpiration
D) Sublimation
E) Precipitation

Answer 2

C) Transpiration

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a form of electromagnetic radiation?:
A) Microwaves
B) Ultraviolet waves
C) Infrared light
D) Sound waves
E) Radio waves

Answer 3

D) Sound waves

Question 4

The atomic number of nitrogen is 7. A neutral-15 atom is composed of which of the following:
A) 7 protons, 8 neutrons, 7 electrons
B) 15 protons, 8 neutrons, 7 electrons
C) 8 protons, 7 neutrons, 8 electrons
D) 7 protons, 7 neutrons, 8 electrons
E) 5 protons, 10 neutrons, 7 electrons

Answer 4

A) 7 protons, 8 neutrons, 7 electrons

Question 5

Excessive inputs of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds may cause excessive growth of vegetation in surface waters. This process is known as:
A) Fermentation
B) Eutrophication
C) Sedimentation
D) Biomagnification

Answer 5

B) Eutrophication

Question 6

Nitrogen fixation will take place in fields that are planted with: 
A) Soy beans
B) Corn
C) Rice
D) Potatoes
E) Wheat

Answer 6

A) Soy beans

Question 7

A 3000-watt space heater was used for 3 hours. How much energy did the heater use?:
A) 1000 W
B) 9000 kWh
C) 9 kWh
D) 1 kWh
E) 2500 kWh

Answer 7

C) 9 kWh

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT an ecosystem service?:
A) Pollination
B) Ozone depletion
C) Water purification
D) Nitrogen fixation
E) Soil firmation

Answer 8

B) Ozone depletion

Question 9

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria can "fix" nitrogen by combining it with hydrogen to make ammonia. A plant crop especially useful to farmers have these bacteria living in their plant tissues and as a result enrich soil with nitrogen. These plants are:
A) Tropical fruits
B) Legumes
C) Pines 
D) Oaks
E) Carrots

Answer 9

B) Legumes

Question 10

Which of the following decreases the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?:
A) Combustion
B) Decomposition
C) Respiration
D) Photosynthesis
E) Volcanic eruptions

Answer 10

D) Photosynthesis

Question 11

Acid rain with a pH of 5 is more acidic than distilled water by a factor of:
A) 1
B) 2
C) 10
D) 100
E) 1000

Answer 11

D) 100

Question 12

Which organism could be a tertiary consumer?:
A) Bacteria
B) Pine tree
C) Ant
D) Cow
E) Shark

Answer 12

E) Shark

Question 13

As a general rule of thumb, only about \_\_\_% of the energy is one consumer level is represented in the next higher level:
A) 5
B) 10
C) 20
D) 25
E) 50

Answer 13

B) 10

Question 14

Which of the following does NOT remove waste from the environment when feeding?:
A) Scavengers
B) Detritivores
C) Decomposers
D) Carnivores

Answer 14

D) Carnivores

Question 15

Which of the following are high-energy molecules?(The numbers are subscripted):
A) ATP and NADPH
B) CO2 and O2
C) H2S and SO2
D) C6H12O6 and O2
E) N20 and PO4

Answer 15

A) ATP and NADPH

Question 16

Entropy, the tendency toward disorder in a system resulting in less available energy to do work is part of the:
A) Definition of potential energy
B) Definition of kinetic energy
C) Law of Conservation of Energy
D) First Law of Thermodynamics
E) Second Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 16

E) Second Law of Thermodynamics

Question 17

One calorie is equal to(the 2 in C is subscripted):
A) 4.184 J
B) 760 Watts
C) 9.8 m/s2
D) 212 degrees Celsius
E) 1.013 Pa

Answer 17

A) 4.184 J

Question 18

Extremophiles obtain energy for metabolic processes through:
A) Respiration
B) Transpiration
C) Photosynthesis
D) Chemosynthesis
E) Potential energy

Answer 18

D) Chemosynthesis

Question 19

The smallest unit of a compound is a(n) ___________

Answer 19

Molecule

Question 20

The smallest unit of an element is a(n) ______

Answer 20

Atom

Question 21

Compounds such as(all numbers are subscripted) H20,CO2, CH4, SO2, N2, and O2 are held together by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ bonds.
A) Hydrogen
B) Covalent
C) Ionic
D) Metallic
E) Vender Waals

Answer 21

B) Covalent

Question 22

Organic compounds contain the element:
A) Oxygen
B) Hydrogen
C) Nitrogen
D) Carbon
E) Water

Answer 22

D) Carbon

Question 23

Bases are substances that give up \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ions in water:
A) Hydroxide
B) Hydrogen
C) Nitrogen
D) Carbon
E) Sulfur

Answer 23

A) Hydroxide

Question 24

The dependent variable is usually plotted on the _____-axis of a graph.

Answer 24

Y

Question 25

``` A special class of proteins that include catalysts are: A) Acids B) Bases C) Salts D) Enzymes E) Lipids ```

Answer 25

D) Enzymes

Question 26

``` The element cycle that contributes greatly to soil pH changes, acid rain, air pollution from burning fossil fuels, and human eye and respiratory illnesses is the: A) Nitrogen cycle B) Water cycle C) Phosphorous cycle D) Sulfur cycle E) Carbon cycle ```

Answer 26

D) Sulfur cycle