Facial expressions
A form of non verbal communication
Convey the emotional state of the individual to the observer
Primary means the conveying social information among humans
The muscles of the face are responsible for these expressions
What do the muscles of facial expression do
- Control the size of the facial orifices (eyes, nose, mouth)
- Originate from the facial skeleton and insert into the skin.
- Inebriated by facial nerve (CN VII)
Facial skeleton
- Mandible x 1
- Maxilla x2
- Palatine x2
- Vomer x1
- Inferior nasal conchae x2
- Nasal x2
- Lacrimal x2
- Zygomatic x2
What are the groups of muscles for facial expression
Scalp
Eyes
Nose
Mouth
Cheeks
Neck
Scalp muscle for facial expression
Occipitofrontalis
Moves scalp, eyebrows and wrinkles for head
Eyes for muscles of facial expression
Orbicularis oculi
Closes eye
Nose muscle of facial expression
Nasalis
Dilates and compresses the nostrils
Mouth- sphincter muscle
Orbicularis oris
Acts as a sphincter to close mouth
Elevator muscles- mouth
-zygomaticus major
Zygomaticus minor
Levator anguli oris
Levator labii superioris
Insert into the lips from above and therefore draw the lips upwards
Depressor muscles- mouth
Insert into the lower lip and therefore draw the lips downwards
Risorius muscle- mouth
Pulls the mouth out at the sides
Cheek muscle for facial expression
Required for blowing, sucking, and moving the bolts during chewing
Neck muscle for facial expression
Platysma
Blood supply to the face
Mainly supplied by branches of the external carotid artery
The veins drain into the internal jugular vein
Sensory innervation of face
Ophthalmic division
Maxillary
Mandibular
Motor innervatio of the face
Cranial nerve VIII
Facial nerve
Facial nerve
- Emerges from the brain at the pons medullary junction.
- Passes through the internal auditory meatus to enter the pétroles portion of the temporal bone.
- Main trunk exits the skull through the stylomastoid foramen.
- General sensory fibres carry information from some regions of external ear.
- Motor to occipitalis, posterior belly of digrastoc and stylohyoid muscles.
- Terminal branches arise in the parotid salivary gland- muscles of facial expression.
What 3 nerves arise within the facial canal
- Greater petrosal nerve, nerve to stampede us, chords tympani nerve all arise within the facial canal.
Greater petrosal
Parasympathetic to lacrimal, nasal and mino salivary glands
Nerve to stapedius
Motor to stapedius muscle
Chorda tympani
Parasympathetic to submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
Taste sensation from anterior 2/3 of tongue
Motor branches of facial nerve
- Temporal
- Zygomatic
- Buccal
- Marginal mandibular
- Cervical
- Posterior auricular
Bell’s palsy
- Paralysis of the facial nerve of unknown cause (idiopathic)
- May be due to a virus.
- Symptoms appear rapidly
- May recover spontaneously.
- Symptoms are dependant on location of the lesion
Symptoms of Bell’s palsy
- Unilateral weakness
- Loss or excessive tearing
- Taste impairment
- Hypercusis
- Reduced salivary secretion (dry mouth)
- Reduced secretion from the nasal glands
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The Skull13
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Anatomical Terminology29
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Cells13
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Tissues29
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Homeostasis12
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Nervous System89
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Muscles43
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The Oral Cavity33
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Motorneuornes, Weakness, Paralysis10
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Respiratory System63
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Soft Palate And Phayrnx43
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Larynx33
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Chewing And Swallowing21
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Cranial Nerves26
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The Auditory System87
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Hearing26
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Assessment Of Adult Hearing42
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Assessmet Of Paediattic Hearing24
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Vestibular Function Testing22
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Control Of Cerebral Speech25
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Circulatory System48
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Embryology31
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The Face24
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Craniofacial Development51
