The future

Question 1

How can the simple present be used for the future?

Answer 1

can be used with a time expression for a definite future

arrangement: (The boys start school on Monday, and its used more often in formal expresions)

Question 2

Will + infinitive is used for ___?

Answer 2

Intention (I will be an engineer)

Question 3

As a future form, The present continuous can express a ____?

Answer 3

definite arrangement in the near future (I’m taking an exam in October )

Question 4

The “be going to” form is used for___?

Answer 4

Intention - (to perform a certain future action, usually refers to the immediate near future. It’s always premeditated, very likely to be performed(I have bought some bricks and I’m going to build a garage) + can be used with time clauses (except shall and will), and also can be used without a time expression (He is going to lend me his bicycle)
Prediction - can express the speaker’s feeling of certainty. The time is usually not mentioned, but the action is expected to happen in the near or immediate future (Look at those clouds! It’s going to rain.)

Question 5

be going to implies that there are signs that something will happen, will implies that the ___?

Answer 5

speaker thinks/believes that it will happen

Question 6

be going to is normally used about the immediate/fairly immediate future; but will____?

Answer 6

doesn’t imply any particular time and could refer to the remote future.

Question 7

Formerly will was kept for intention, and shall was used when___

Answer 7

there was no intention, for actions where the subject’s wishes were not involved, for suggestions (“Let’s go, shall we?”), In requests for orders or instructions (What shall I do with your mail?)

Question 8

Examples of Uses of the future simple are___?

Answer 8

1. To express the speaker’s opinions, assumptions. (accompanied by adverbs such as perhaps, possibly, surely, but can be used without them) can be used with or without time expression
2. The future simple is used similarly for future habitual actions which we assume will take place (Spring will come again.)
3. for formal announcements of future plans. (The President will open the new heliport tomorrow. )

Question 9

won’t can be used with ____?

Answer 9

all persons to express negative intention. So He won’t pay can mean either He refuses to pay or I don’t think he’ll pay.

Question 10

The future continuous can be used ___?

Answer 10

• as an ordinary continuous tense. (with a point in time and expresses an action that starts before that time and probably continues after it.)
• can express a future without intention.

Question 11

Example of the future continuous as an ordinary continuous tense:

Answer 11

Now they are sitting in their classroom. On Saturday there is no class. So on Saturday they will not be sitting in theclassroom. They will be doing other things.

Question 12

Example of the future continuous used to express future without intention

Answer 12

I’ll be seeing Tom tomorrow, I will be helping Mary tomorrow.

Question 13

What’s the form of Future Perfect?

Answer 13

will/shall + perfect infinitive (have +v III form)

Question 14

The future perfect is normally used with a time expression beginning with ___?

Answer 14

by (By the end of next month he will have been here for ten years.

Question 15

The future perfect is normally used for an action which ___?

Answer 15

which at a given future time will be in the past, or will just have finished. (I save £50 a month and I started in January. So by the end of the year I will have
saved £600.)

Question 16

What’s the form of Future Perfect Continuous?

Answer 16

will/shall have been + present participle (v III form/ed)

Question 17

The future perfect continuous is normally used with a time expression beginning with ___?

Answer 17

by (By the end of this year he’ll have been acting for thirty years. )

Question 18

The future perfect is normally used for an action that is___?

Answer 18

• When the action is continuous ( By the end of the month he will have been living/working/studying here for ten year)
• When the action is expressed as a continuous action: (By the end of the month he will have been training horses/climbing mountains for twenty years)