The Individual Differences Area

Question 1

State the principles of the individual differences area.

Answer 1

Focuses on what makes people unique, often investigating those whose behaviour is abnormal. Tries to measure differences between people via psychometric tests.

Question 2

State 4 concepts of the individual differences area.

Answer 2

• Measuring differences
• Understanding mental disorders
• Native intellectual ability
• Theory of mind

Question 3

State 4 applications of the individual differences area.

Answer 3

• Teaching children with autism about the theory of mind and how to recognise different emotional states.
• Developing effective psychometric (personality) tests which can be used in recruitment.
• Developing psychological treatments for disorders.
• Psychometric (personality) tests to determine sporting success.

Question 4

State 3 strengths of the individual differences area.

Answer 4

• Useful in developing treatments for individuals with disorders.
• A holistic approach means we can get a fuller understanding of how factors interact to produce complex behaviours.
• Case study methods are often used to gain a greater level of detail and understanding of the reasons for behaviour.

Question 5

State 4 weaknesses of the individual differences area.

Answer 5

• Samples are difficult to generalise from.
• Often investigates topics which are
  socially sensitive and leading to discrimination.
• Research can sometimes lack objectivity.
• Methods used are sometimes less scientific than in other areas.