The Skeleton: Upper Limb

Question 1

What does the pectoral girdle comprise?

Answer 1

Scapula and Clavicle

Question 2

What does the upper arm comprise of?

Answer 2

Arm, forearm and hand

Question 3

What bones articulate at the shoulder (glenohumeral) joint?

Answer 3

The humerus artciulates with the scapula

Question 4

What bones articulate with the humerus at the elbow joint?

Answer 4

The radius and ulna

Question 5

What are the bones of the hands and what joint do they articulate with?

Answer 5

• Carpals, metacarpals and phalanges
• Articulate with the radius at the wrist (radiocarpal) joint

Question 6

Label the upper arm and pectoral girdle

Answer 6

Question 7

How do the clavicles articulate with the scapula and sternum and at what joints?

Answer 7

• Articulate with the scapula laterally
• Articulate with the manubrium of the sternal medially
• At the acromiovlavicular and sternoclavicular joints (plane synovial)

Question 8

Where does the scapula lie (between the ribs?)

Answer 8

Between the 2nd and 7th ribs on the posterior ascpect of the thorax

Question 9

Whats the glenoid cavity on the scapula?

Answer 9

Where the scapula articulates with the head of the humerus at the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint (ball and socket multi axial synovial joint)

Question 10

What degrees of movement does the scapula have? What joint is moved in relation to the scapula?

Answer 10

• Protraction: pulled forwards round the chest wall
• Retraction: pulled backwards
• Elevated: shrugging
• Depressed
• Rotated (medially and laterally)

The glenohumeral joint is also moved in space, however the humerus doesnt move in relation to the glenoid cavity

Question 11

What artciculates at the elbow joint? Where does it articulate?

Answer 11

• The humerus articulates with the radius and ulna
• At the capitulum and trochlea

Question 12

What joint is the elbow? What movements can be made?

Answer 12

• Synovial hinge joint
• Uni-axial: flexion and extension

Question 13

What position describes the hand as supinated?

Answer 13

Palm of hand in anatomical position, ulna medial and radius lateral

Question 14

Describe position of arm pronated

Answer 14

Palm facing posteriorly, radius rotates around in front of the ulna lying diagonally across it

Question 15

What joint does pronation and supination occur at?

Answer 15

Occurs at the radioulnar joint not the elbow joint

Question 16

How many bones are in the hand?

Answer 16

27 total

• 8 carpal
• 5 metacarpals
• 14 phalanges

Question 17

What does the wrist joint articulate with?

Answer 17

Articulates with the:
* Lower end of the radius and proximal row of carpal bones (scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum)

Question 18

What movements occur at the wrist joint?

Answer 18

Bi-axial:
* Flexion and extension
* Abduction and adduction

Question 19

Label the bones of the hand

Answer 19

Question 20

What movements are made at te metacarpophalangeal joint?

Answer 20

• Flexion/extension
• Abduction/adduction
• Circumduction (except at thumb)

Question 21

What movements are possible at interphalangeal joints?

Answer 21

Flexion and extension