Theme D

Question 1

‘All who draw the…’ (violence)

Answer 1

‘sword die by the word’ bible

Question 2

‘Do not repay anyone…‘(violence)

Answer 2

‘evil for evil’ bible

Question 3

‘Fight in the…‘(violence)

Answer 3

‘cause of Allah those fight you, but do not transgress limits… if they cease let there be no hosility’ quran

Question 4

protest meaning

Answer 4

public act of objection, disapproval or dissent against political advantage

Question 5

peaceful protest pros and cons

Answer 5

+no one gets hurt
+won’t be portrayed negatively
+legal
+moral high ground
-easier to ignore

Question 6

violent protests pros and cons

Answer 6

+more chance of change
+more reaction
+more media coverage
+more impact
+more memorable
-people get injured

Question 7

terrorism meaning

Answer 7

unlawful use of violence + intimidation, especially against civilians, in pursuit of political aims

Question 8

‘blessed are…’ (war)

Answer 8

‘the peacemakers’ bible

Question 9

‘do not…’ (violence)

Answer 9

‘kill each other, for god is merciful to you’ quran

Question 10

‘live at…’ (war)

Answer 10

‘peace with everyone’ bible

Question 11

‘whoever kills…’ (violence)

Answer 11

‘a person … it is as if he had killed all mankind’ quran

Question 12

christian and muslim views on terrorism

Answer 12

don’t support violence, sanctity of life

Question 13

3 main reasons for war

Answer 13

-greed
-self-defence
-retaliation

Question 14

christian views on war started from greed

Answer 14

-rejected, immoral, root of evil
-only just war is accepted
-‘love of money is the root of all kinds of evil’ bible

Question 15

muslim views on war started from greed

Answer 15

-not accepted, must be for justice, not personal/national gain
-goes against Islamic principles
-‘Allah does not like whoever is arrogant, boastful’ quran

Question 16

christian views on war started in self-defence

Answer 16

+may be acceptable (just war) a last resort
+‘Defend the weak and the fatherless; uphold the cause of the poor and the oppressed.’
+seen as protecting the innocent (J wasn’t always pacifist)

Question 17

muslim views on war started in self-defence

Answer 17

+permitted and sometimes required to protect ummah
+‘Fight in the way of Allah those who fight you but do not transgress. Indeed. Allah does not like transgressors’
+‘Permission [to fight] has been given to those who are being fought, because they were wronged. And indeed, Allah is competent to give them victory’

Question 18

christian views on war as retaliation

Answer 18

-J taught forgiveness not revenge
-‘If anyone slaps you on the right cheek, turn to them the other cheek also’
-‘Put your sword back in its place … for all who draw the sword will die by the sword.’
-reject

Question 19

muslim views on war as retaliation

Answer 19

+allowed in limited form
-forgiveness encouraged
-retaliation must be proportionate

Question 20

holy war meaning

Answer 20

war declared and fought for religious reasons, believed to be supported by god/ a higher power

Question 21

5 conditions for holy war

Answer 21

-must be for a religious cause
-must be started/supported by a religious authority
-fought to protect people who are attacked/persecuted
-fighters must have the right intention
-must follow moral rules

Question 22

christian views on holy war

Answer 22

disagree, always promote peace

Question 23

5 islamic conditions for holy war

Answer 23

-declared by a proper religious leader
-self defence
-can’t harm civilians, women, children or places of worship
-peace must always be preferred
-muhammad only fought when islam was under threat + showed mercy even in war

Question 24

6 conditions of a just war

Answer 24

-just cause
-started by a proper authority
-has a good intention
-last resort
-must have a chance of success
-amount of force used must be proportional

Question 25

example of a just war

Answer 25

WW2 until nuclear weapons

Question 26

why do religious people support the just war theory

Answer 26

-it aligns with many holy war conditions -muslims believe its alast resort -muslims belive it shouldn't be extreme

Question 27

MAD meaning

Answer 27

mutually assured destruction

Question 28

WMD

Answer 28

weapon of mass destruction

Question 29

what is a nuclear weapon

Answer 29

bombs made with nuclear reactors

Question 30

info on nuclear weapons

Answer 30

9 countries have them (US + Russia >90%)

Question 31

reasons for having nuclear weapons

Answer 31

+reassuring, safety +reduces chance of war, MAD

Question 32

reasons against having nuclear weapons

Answer 32

-they can kill ppl -fear of them being used -they can malfunction -could be stolen -expensive -waste of finite resources -indiscriminately violent -no protection against

Question 33

christianity and nuclear weapons

Answer 33

-kill millions -encourage peace + non-violence -'thou shalt not kill' -contradicts Js teaching +CE generally opposes but accepted limited deterrence for peacekeeping

Question 34

islam and nuclear weapons

Answer 34

-kill indiscriminately, including innocents which is forbidden -must be just, defensive + proportionate which these aren't

Question 35

christianity - victims of war

Answer 35

- agape: selfless love - should show love to all, like jesus - parable of good samaritan

Question 36

quotes for victims of war christianity

Answer 36

-'love your neighbour as yourself' -'faith without action is dead' -'blessed are the peacemakers'

Question 37

christian charities for victims of war

Answer 37

Caritas - catholic, aims to serve poor + promote justice globally, provides emergency aid Christianaid - protestant, same

Question 38

islamic charities for victims of war

Answer 38

Muslim aid

Question 39

islam - victims of war

Answer 39

- ummah, global family, duty - zakah

Question 40

quotes for victims of war islam

Answer 40

- 'whoever saves a life, it as if h saved all of mankind' - 'he is not a believer whose stomach is full while his neighbour goes hungry' - 'give to orphans, the needy + the traveller'

Question 41

non-religious - victims of war

Answer 41

- humanitarianism, all ppl deserve help - act out of moral duty/compassion - human rights - ethical theories: utilitarianism (maximise happiness), secular humanism (emphasises empathy + human welfare)

Question 42

non-religious charities for victims of war

Answer 42

- red cross - doctors without borders - UNHCR

Question 43

reconciliation info

Answer 43

- god will forgive - 'those who pardon and maintain righteousness are rewarded by God, He does not love the unjust' quran

Question 44

pacifism christianity

Answer 44

- 'blessed are the peacemakers' bible - 'love your enemies' bible - turn the other cheek

Question 45

pacifism islam

Answer 45

- violence used in self-defence - duty to protest anything unfair - don't teach pacifism

Question 46

'Peace I leave..' ( war )

Answer 46

'with you, my peace I give to you' bible

Question 47

'everyone must...' ( war )

Answer 47

' commit themselves to peace' pope john paul II

Question 48

peace in islam

Answer 48

- islam means peace - duty to defend weak and oppressed - 'salaam alaikum' = phrase said to muslims = peace be upon you - not pacifism

Question 49

'To those against whom...' ( war )

Answer 49

'war is made, permission is given to fight' quran

Question 50

'Those who die...' (war)

Answer 50

'in allah's cause will be rewarded with paradise' quran

Question 51

'Hate your...' ( peace)

Answer 51

'enemy mildly for he may become your friend one day' hadith

Question 52

'Declare a...' (war)

Answer 52

'holy war, call the troops to arms' old testament

Question 53

'it is impossible...' (war)

Answer 53

'to conceive a just war in a nuclear age' pope john XXIII

Question 54

holy and just war christianity cont

Answer 54

- used to be a big part of christianity - sometimes if you don't fight you allow a greater evil to happen than a war would've caused

Question 55

islam and war info

Answer 55

- soldiers on battlefield must fight - sane muslim men whose families will cope must got to war - if a town is attacked, everyone fights - war begins when enemy attacks and ends when enemy wants peace/right are regained - civilians may not be harmed - crops + holy buildings must be left unharmed - prisoners of war must be treated well, zakah can pay for them

Question 56

' Though the monstrous power...' (nuclear weapons)

Answer 56

' of modern weapons acts as a deterrent ... nuclear weapons should be banned' second vatican council

Question 57

'treat others as...' ( compassion )

Answer 57

'you would like them to treat you' jesus

Question 58

'none of you truly...' ( compassion )

Answer 58

'believe until he wishes for his brother what he wishes for himself' muhammad