Theory

Question 1

What are the 3 types of extrication?

Answer 1

1. Self- extrication (USTEP)
2. Snatch rescue
3. Extrication

Question 2

What are the 5 stages of USTEP?

Answer 2

1. Understand
2. Support
3. Try moving
4. Extricate
5. Plan

Question 3

What are the main hazards of RTC incidents?

Answer 3

1. Moving vehicles
2. Pedestrians
3. Environmental
4. Complexity of road layout
5. Ground infrastructure
6. Street furniture
7. Electrical hazards

Question 4

What are the key safety points of RTC incidents?

Answer 4

1. RTC jackets and gloves OR
2. Structural tunic with class 3 hi-vis
3. Lighting
4. Dismounting from safe side
5. Blue lights left on

Question 5

What are the cordon requirements for RTC incidents?

Answer 5

1. Inner cordon (2m)
2. Outer cordon (additional 5m)

Question 6

What are the two appliance positions for RTC incidents?

Answer 6

1. Fend off
2. Fend in

Question 7

What are the types of carriageway?

Answer 7

1. Single lane (no central reservation)
2. Multi-lane

Question 8

What is the PDA for single lane RTC incidents?

Answer 8

1. 1 appliance for no persons trapped
2. 2 appliances for persons trapped

Question 9

What is the PDA for multi-lane RTC incidents?

Answer 9

3 appliances (2 to the affected carriageway, 1 to unaffected carriageway)

Question 10

What distance must cones be positioned at single lane RTC incidents?

Answer 10

1. Up to 30mph- 25m
2. 40- 60mph- 75m

Question 11

What distance must the first appliance in attendance be placed at RTC incidents?

Answer 11

25m

Question 12

Where should the second appliance in attendance park at RTC incidents?

Answer 12

125m from first appliance

Question 13

Where should all other attending appliances park at RTC incidents?

Answer 13

50m back from prior appliances

Question 14

What are the requirements for placing cones at RTC incidents?

Answer 14

1. Placed in pairs (one walking forwards and one backwards)
2. 12.5m spacing
3. Police sign half way between first 2 cones
4. Lights on every fourth cone

Question 15

What are the six phases of an RTC?

Answer 15

1. Scene safety and DRA
2. Stabilisation and initial access
3. Glass management
4. Space creation
5. Full access
6. Extrication and immobilisation

Question 16

What are the points of stabilisation for a car on 4 wheels?

Answer 16

1. Chock opposite wheels
2. 2 sets of towers on each side of car
3. Tower at back of car

Question 17

Where is the active side of the vehicle?

Answer 17

Where most of the work will be done

Question 18

Where can wedges be placed in towers?

Answer 18

1. Top
2. Bottom
3. NEVER in the middle of a tower

Question 19

What is the purpose of glass management?

Answer 19

Prevent uncontrolled breaking or shattering of glass

Question 20

What are the two types of glass on vehicles?

Answer 20

1. Laminated (windscreens)
2. Tempered/ toughened

Question 21

How would you mark a vehicle for a cut?

Answer 21

1. Peel and reveal
2. An ‘X’ between two lines

Question 22

What is the purpose of the full access phase?

Answer 22

Make the hole fit the casualty, not the casualty fit the hole

Question 23

What should be remembered at the casualty extrication stage?

Answer 23

1. Gloves- one off, all off
2. Person at the head directs extrication

Question 24

What are the airbag safe working distances?

Answer 24

1. Side impact- 5 inches
2. Steering wheel- 10 inches
3. Curtain- 15 inches
4. Passenger- 20 inches

Question 25

What is the biggest issue with new vehicle technology?

Answer 25

Boron steel

Question 26

How can you identify electric vehicle cables?

Answer 26

1. Easily exposed 2. Bright orange

Question 27

How can you identify thermal runaway in electric vehicles?

Answer 27

Using a TIC

Question 28

What should you avoid cutting at all times?

Answer 28

1. Seat belt pretensioners (buckle and B post) 2. Air bag chargers 3. Door hinge pins 4. Wider section of gas struts

Question 29

What additional hazards may be found in newer vehicles?

Answer 29

1. ROPS- roll over protection systems 2. Active headrests