What are the main types of Antianxiety medication and what do they typically treat?
- Alprazolam/Xanax and Diazepam/Valium and Buspirone (BuSpar)
- Treats excessive fear and anxiety by reducing tension in the muscles
How does benzodiapreme treat anxiety?
Increases GABA which decreases activity in the ANS
Alprazom is to Diazepam as Valium is to…
Xanax
- Alprazolam and Diazepam are generic while xanax and valium are name brand
SSRI, TCA, MAOI are all types of what?
Antidepressants
What are side effects of Antianxiety Meds?
- Tolerance to meds
- Dependance on meds
- Withdrawl coming off
- Drowsiness, poor coordination, memory issues
What do antidepressants treat?
Depression, thats it
What are MAOI’s?
Mono Amine Oxidase Inhibitors
- Help with mood and positive affect
- prevent breakdown of neurotransmitters to allow them to work longer
What are types of TCA and SSRI?
- TCA: Nortriptyline (generic) and Pamelor (Name brand)
- SSRI: Fluoxetine (generic) and Prozac (NB), zoloft, paxil, lexapro, celexa
Difference between TCA andSSRI?
TCA: increase excitatory neurotransmitters(norepinephrine and serotonin)
SSRI: (Selective Serotonin Reuptake inhibitor) inhibits uptake of serotonin and can reduce depression faster than TCA’s
What are side effects of antidepressants?
Can trigger manic episodes in people with BiPolar
Increase of suicide risk
Nausea, Diarrhea, headaches, and sexual dysfunction
What were the 1st generation antipsychotic medications and what was the big difference with the 2nd generation?
- 1st gen: Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) and Haloperidol (Haldol) had pretty bad side effects
- 2nd gen: Clozapine (clozaril) and Risperidone (resperdal) came out in the 90’’s had had much less side effects
Whats another name for 1st and 2nd generation antipsychotic meds?
Typical (1st) and Atypical (2nd)
What are potential side effects of antipsychotic meds?
- Not good for negative symptoms
- May increase hypotension, impotence and increase possibility of seizures
- Tardive Dyskenesia
What is tardive dyskinesia?
Condition produced by antipsychotic meds, where the person experiences repetitive involuntary muscle spasms often of the torso, face and may include lip smacking
What is ECT?
Electroconvulsive Therapy
- Current through brain to induce seizure
- Most common to exp memory loss
What is transcranial Magnetic Stim?
Use of electricity to create weak currents that depolarize neurons
Difference between TMS and ECT?
Typically RTMS takes much longer to get results than ECT
- ECT = memory loss - TMS = risk of seizure, need more than one person to perform the procedure
Difference between a cingulotomy and Prefrontal Lobotomy?
Cingulotomy: destroys cingular cortex of the limbic system,
PFL: destroys frontal cortex which rids of emotion and personality
Who created the lobotomy?
-Walter Freeman in 1945
