TherEx

Question 1

What is therapeutic exercise

Answer 1

Systematic, planned performance of bodily movements, postures or physical activities intended to provide a patient with the means to:
• Remediate or prevent impairments
• Improve, restore or enhance physical
function
• Prevent or reduce health-related risk factors
• Optimize overall health status, fitness or sense of well-being

Question 2

Aspects of physical function

Answer 2

Muscle performance
Cardiopulmonary endurance
Mobility/flexibility 
Neuromuscular control/coordination
Stability
Balance/postural equilibrium

Question 3

Therapeutic exercise includes

Answer 3

- Aerobic and endurance conditioning
• Flexibility exercises
• Neuromotor development training
• Relaxation techniques
• Muscle performance exercises: strength, power and endurance exercises

Question 4

SAID (specific adaptation to imposed demands) principle includes what

Answer 4

• Specificity of training (Muscles adapt over time to the stresses placed on
  them)
  • Strength versus muscular endurance
  • Specific velocity of exercise
  • Isometric versus concentric versus eccentric
  • Specific joint angle
  • Emphasis on task-specific practice

Question 5

What is the reversibility principle

Answer 5

“Use it or lose it”

Adaptive changes due to strength, lower, or endurance training are transient

Question 6

Detraining occurs within

Answer 6

1-2 weeks after cessation of training and continues until all training effects are lost

Question 7

What is essential to maintain adaptive changes

Answer 7

Maintenance program

Question 8

What is the overload principle

Answer 8

To improve muscle performance, a load that exceeds the
metabolic capacity of the muscle must be applied
• Focuses on progressive loading of a muscle by manipulating
intensity or volume

Question 9

Key steps to develop a therapeutic exercise plan

Answer 9

• Identify impairments and functional limitations
  • Develop goals to address impairments and
  functional limitations
  • Implement appropriate therapeutic exercises
  • Continually assess progress towards goals and progress program appropriately

Question 10

Component of effective exercise programs

Answer 10

• Safe
• Individualized
• Tailored to patient goals
• Appropriately challenging
• Functional/task-specific
• Implements evidence-based exercises
• Includes patient education
• Involves progressive overload and is constantly evolving

Question 11

Indications of passive ROM

Answer 11

• In a region where a patient is unable or active movement is contraindicated
• To allow assessment of inert structures to determine limitations of normal motions at a joint

Question 12

Goals of passive ROM

Answer 12

• decrease complications from immobility (cartilage
degeneration, adhesion and contracture formation)
• Maintain functional range of motion

Question 13

PROM does not… (limitations)

Answer 13

• Prevent muscle atrophy
• Increase muscular strength or endurance
• Assistcirculation

Question 14

Indications of AROM

Answer 14

Able to move desired segment without physical assistance

Question 15

Indications of AAROM

Answer 15

Weak muscles require external or self assistance to move through desired ranges

Question 16

Active rom is useful where in relation to an immobilized segment to maintain normal jt motions in the unaffected areas?

Answer 16

Above and below

Question 17

Limitations to AROM

Answer 17

In strong muscles, it does not assist with maintaining or increasing strength

Question 18

A shorter external moment arm will require ________ force

Answer 18

Greater

Question 19

Gravity can have effects on AROM in 3 ways, what are they?

Answer 19

Gravity assisted
Gravity minimized/eliminated
Against gravity

Question 20

What property would weighted supine knee extension or prone knee hang for increasing ROM follow?

Answer 20

Viscoelasticity (creep)

Question 21

3 types of training for muscular performance

Answer 21

Strength
Power
Endurance

Question 22

Strength training includes

Answer 22

Lowering or controlling heavy loads (resistance) for a relatively low number of reps or over a short period of time

Question 23

What element of movement is the most manipulated for power training

Answer 23

Speed

Question 24

What leads to the greatest muscle power

Answer 24

Greater the intensity and shorter the time taken to generate force

Question 25

Typical endurance training involves

Answer 25

Contracting and lift or lower a light load form any reps or sustain a muscle contraction for an extended period of time

Question 26

Bringing resistance moment arm closer to the axis of rotation ____________ load placed on a muscle

Answer 26

Decreases

Question 27

You can use ___________ to initiate movement in pts with neurological impairments

Answer 27

Passive tension

Question 28

Break down exercises into ____________ & ____________ vectors

Answer 28

Horizontal and vertical

Question 29

If the vertical vector (against gravity is small, add _____________ or _____

Answer 29

Bands or pulleys

Question 30

External stabilization can be applied…

Answer 30

Manually, With equipment, Or with a support surface

Question 31

Internal stabilization comes from

Answer 31

Isometric muscle contraction

Question 32

Ways to challenge balance

Answer 32

``` Narrowing BOS Stable vs unstable surface Eyes open vs eyes closed Controlled vs open environment Proactive vs reactive strategies ```

Question 33

A therapeutic exercise program demonstrates a …

Answer 33

Logical, graded exercise progression with simple tasks and progressing to more complex tasks

Question 34

PTs identify pts impairments through careful evaluation and prescribe a…

Answer 34

Graded application of physical stresses to the impaired body system

Question 35

Therapeutic exercise should be performed in a ________, _______, and ______ manner to improve the patients function by the __________ of physical impairment

Answer 35

Controlled, progressive, and safe manner Reduction of physical impairments

Question 36

Progressions for ROM

Answer 36

PROM > AAROM > AROM Gravity assisted > gravity eliminated > against gravity

Question 37

How to progress strength

Answer 37

``` • Isometric ➔Concentric➔ Eccentric • Double-leg➔Single-leg • No weight ➔Body-weight ➔Weighted • Straight plane➔Lateral plane ➔Cutting • Controlled ➔Open environment ```

Question 38

How to progress balance

Answer 38

* Double-leg➔Single-leg * Wide BOS➔Narrow BOS * Stable➔Unstablesurface * Static➔Dynamic * Controlled ➔ Open environment * Eyes Open➔Eyes Closed