1
Q
a type of behavior that uses ideas or
symbols as “inner representations” of things or events
A
thinking
2
Q
covert behavior as it is not observable, and cannot be seen or heard by others
A
thinking
3
Q
2 major categories of thinking
A
- associative thinking
- directed thinking
4
Q
includes indirected and uncontrolled thinking
A
associative thinking
5
Q
thinking oriented towards a goal
A
directed thinking
6
Q
4 kinds of associative thinking
A
- autistic thinking
- nightdreaming
- imagination
- eidetic imagery
7
Q
5 kinds of directed thinking
A
- critical thinking
- creative thinking
- brainstorming
- reasoning
- problem solving
8
Q
extent to which original and previous learned information still persists
A
memory
9
Q
ability to retain information;
involves the storage of learned items and information that are retrieved for future use
A
memory
10
Q
processes of memory
A
- encoding or acquisition
- storage
- retrieval
11
Q
Involves getting the remembered information out of storage.
A
retrieval
12
Q
holding the memory of encoded information for future use
A
storage
13
Q
classifying information to be ready for storage
A
encoding or acquisition
14
Q
3 types of memory:
A
- sensory memory
- short-term memory
- long-term memory
15
Q
Information that comes through our senses
A
sensory memory
16
Q
working memory and our active memory
A
short-term memory
17
Q
Memory that remains for the rest of our lives
A
long-term memory
18
Q
how long does these 3 types of memory persist?
A
- sensory: 7 secs
- stm: 20 secs
- ltm: for the rest of our lives
19
Q
3 types of long-term memory
A
- semantic memory
- procedural memory
- episodic memory
20
Q
Memory that remains for the rest of our lives
A
remembering
21
Q
4 types of remembering
A
- redintegration
- recall
- recognition
- relearning
22
Q
Simple revival of past experience without cue;
may involve motor or verbal skills.
A
recall
23
Q
Involves more rapid learning than before on the basis of some retention from earlier learning
A
relearning
24
Q
Reestablishes an earlier experience on the basis of partial cues;
May not be detailed or complete
A
redintegration
25
Involves recognizing someone or something familiar (sense of familiarity)
recognition
26
inability to retrieve, recall, or recognize information that was stored or is still stored in the long-term memory
forgetting
26
inability to retrieve, recall, or recognize information that was stored or is still stored in the long-term memory
forgetting
26
inability to retrieve, recall, or recognize information that was stored or is still stored in the long-term memory
forgetting
26
inability to retrieve, recall, or recognize information that was stored or is still stored in the long-term memory
forgetting
26
inability to retrieve, recall, or recognize information that was stored or is still stored in the long-term memory
forgetting
27
inability to retrieve, recall, or recognize information that was stored or is still stored in the long-term memory
forgetting
28
theories of forgetting
- interference theory
- trace decay theory
- retrieval based forgetting
- storage based forgetting
- motivated forgetting
29
kinds of interference theory
- Proactive Interference
- Retroactive Interference
30
Retroactive or proactive inhibition;
The retrieval and recall of memory could be interrupted by previous knowledge and new information (conflict among information)
interference theory
31
occurs when new information (learned later) blocks or disrupts the retrieval of related old information (learned earlier)
retroactive interference
32
occurs when old information (learned earlier) blocks or disrupts the remembering of related new information (learned later)
proactive interference
33
occurs as a result of the automatic decay or fading of the memory trace
trace decay theory
34
forgetting takes place through the _______
passage or lapse of time
35
Forgetting of information occurs when an individual fails to retrieve information from their memory
retrieval based forgetting
36
2 main reasons for failure in memory retrieval:
1. failure in encoding due to which the information never made it to the long-term memory in the first place
2. due to the distortion of learned information in the long-term memory
37
attributes forgetting to motivational
factors, including amnesia
motivated forgetting
38
motivated forgetting is ________ blocking
purposive
39
complete forgetting of one's personal past and to repression
amnesia
40
types of amnesia
- organic amnesia
- dissociative amnesia
- psychogenic amnesia
41
Lose both personal identity as well as general knowledge
organic amnesia
42
Loss of identity but general knowledge is still intact
psychogenic amnesia
43
condition in which a person cannot remember important information about their life
dissociative amnesia
44
primary symptom of organic amnesia
anterogade amnesia
45
amnesia wherein memory gradually returns
organic amnesia
46
______ amnesia hardly never returns
organic amnesia
47
2 main types of psychogenic amnesia
1. Global amnesia (fugue state)
2. Situation- specific amnesia (part of PTSD)
47
2 main types of psychogenic amnesia
1. Global amnesia (fugue state)
2. Situation- specific amnesia (part of PTSD)
48
2 main types of psychogenic amnesia
1. Global amnesia (fugue state)
2. Situation- specific amnesia (part of PTSD)
49
2 types of dream content according to psychoanalysis
- latent
- manifest
50
hidden content ; requires the use of dream interpretation technique
latent
51
content as it occurs to the dreamer
manifest
52
steps in the germination of original and inventive ideas
- preparation
- incubation
- illumination
- verification
53
a new idea originating in an exciting moment of insight
brain storm
54
3 forms of reasoning
- inducting reasoning
- deductive reasoning
- syllogistic reasoning
55
general to specific
deductive reasoning
56
two premises: major & minor, and a conclusion
syllogistic reasoning
57
specific to general
inductive reasoning
58
types of problem solving
- trial and error
- algorithm
- heuristics
59
information we are presently using
short term memory
60
semantic memory involves ______ model of our environment
mental
61
this type of memory is the simple and basic form of long-term memory
procedural memory
62
this type of memory is the unique memory about specific event or a person
episodic memory
63
redintegration may not be ______ or _____
- detailed
- complete
64
recall may involve ___ or _____ skills
motor or verbal
65
what causes fading or decay of the memory traces in the brain?
metabolic processes of the brain
66
'cue-dependent forgetting' means?
there is a failure in encoding due to which the information never made it to the long-term memory
67
cause of organic amnesia
various types of brain damage
68
cause of psychogenic amnesia
traumatic or extremely stressful events
PSYC 201
flashcards
Decks in class (16)
# Cards
-
LESSON 1: Nature of Psychology89
-
LESSON 3 & 4: Biological Basis of Behavior; Sensation and Perception81
-
Principles of Growth and Development90
-
Sensory and Perception20
-
Motivational Theory35
-
Emotional theory16
-
Conscious and Altered States32
-
Learning Processes66
-
Thinking and Memory73
-
Individual Differences54
-
Intelligence and Emotional Intelligence52
-
Personality and its Development103
-
Frustration, Conflict & Stress51
-
Adjustment, Maladjustment & Treatment95
-
Mental Health and Self Care15
-
Guidance and its Services11
