Tissues

Question 1

What is Tissue (means “woven”)

Answer 1

A group of cells with similar structure and function. There are four main types of tissue…
- Epithelial Tissue
- Muscle Tissue
- Nervous Tissue
- Connective Tissue
These cells are specialized and help maintain Homeostasis (Equilibrium between the parts of our body).
These tissues make up organs so tissues define the function of organs.

Question 2

Epithelial Tissue (cover and protect the body)

Answer 2

Lines the body surface and internal organs. They usually have cells that have strongly connected cell membranes
They don’t have a blood supply, they get blood from the supporting connective tissue
(e.g: skins is epithelial tissue)

Functions

• Acts as a protective barrier.
• May Secrete or Absorb Materials
• They also generate really quickly

Question 3

Epithelial tissues: Skin Epithelia

Answer 3

Made of thin, flat cells from sheets and acts as a semi-permeable barrier between the inside and outside of the body.

Question 4

Epithelial tissues: Columnar Epithelia

Answer 4

Made of columns of cells that line the small intestine, the stomach and glands

This tissue may secrete mucus, have finger-like projections called cilia and absorbing materials.

Question 5

Muscle Tissue (movement)

Answer 5

Designed to change their shape by lengthening or shortening

Functions
- Allow movement of limbs and walls of internal organs

Question 6

Muscle Tissue: Skeletal Muscle

Answer 6

• Made of cells that line up in the same direction, making tissues look striped or striated
• Attaches bones together. Contracts and expands to make the body move
• Found in limbs (Example: Arms and Legs)

Question 7

Muscle Tissue: Smooth Muscle

Answer 7

• Made of cells that are tapered at both ends
• Found in blood vessels and the walls of internal organs like the esophagus
• Contracts more slowly than Skeletal Tissue, but it can hold the contraction for longer.

Question 8

Muscle Tissue: Cardiac Muscle

Answer 8

• Made of cells that have nuclei that seem to be between cells
• Branched and Unevenly striated
• Contract as a unit
• Only found in the Heart

Question 9

Nervous Tissue (control and communication)

Answer 9

Made up of cells called “Neurons” with long finger-like-projections. They are varied in function. The main functions include…

→ Relaying signals from the brain or spinal cord to muscles, glands and organs
↑ Sending electric signals in response to stimuli
→ Detect environmental information and trigger the appropriate response.

Functions
→ Receive, send signals and coordinate body actions

Question 10

Nervous Tissue: Neurons

Answer 10

Specialized building blocks of the body.
They are throughout the body sending signals to the brain

Cell body (aka Soma)
	- Contains all the main organelles of the cell. Including nucleus and mitochondria 

Dendrites

- Collect Signals from other cells to transmit to the cell body/soma
	- Listening end of the cell

Axon

- Like a transmission cable. It carries messages to other neurons via electric pluses. 
	- Transmitting end of the cell

Question 11

Nervous Tissues: Glial Cells

Answer 11

Providing support, insulation and connecting the neurons to blood vessels

Question 12

Connective Tissue (provide support)

Answer 12

Made of cells surrounded in a matrix

Functions
- Strengthens, connects and supports the body

Question 13

Connective Tissue: Bone

Answer 13

• Made of calcium-hardened cells through which blood vessels run
  
  • Needed for movement, support and protection

Question 14

Connective Tissue: Fat

Answer 14

Aka Adipose Tissue

• Made of large and tightly packed cells
• Found under the skin and around organs
• Needed for Energy storage, padding and insulation

Question 15

Connective Tissues: Blood

Answer 15

• Includes…
  - Red and white blood cells
  - Platelets
  - Plasma
  
  • Transports nutrients and oxygen
  • Clots when skin is cut
  • Attacks any harmful foreign material such as virus and bacteria