Describe the formation of exocrine glands
A tube is formed as the cells are still attached to the basal lamina
Describe the formation of endocrine glands
Cells lose contact with the surface and become a mass of specialised cells and accumulate around the blood vessels
What types of exocrine gland structure are there?
- Simple
- Compound with many branches
What shape is a tubular gland?
Long, thin and relatively straight
What shape is an acing gland?
Spherical, like a grape
What types of exocrine glands are there?
- Mucous glands
- Serous glands
Describe the secretions of mucous glands
- Secretion rich in proteoglycans
- Secretion mixed with water gives mucus
Describe the secretions of the serous glands
- Protein rich secretion
What are myoepithelial cells?
- Specialised epithelial cells which have contractile cytoplasm.
- They play an important role in encouraging secretion of substances into ducts
What is secreted during proteinaceous secretion?
Proteins or hormones
Describe steroid endocrine glands
- They cannot store steroid hormones, only keep the precursor, however that can store protein hormones.
- Steroid hormones made on demand.
What are the parenchyma of liver epithelium?
Heptocytes
How are hepatocytes arranged in the liver?
- In rows between blood vessels which allows them to take part in secretion
What are the support epithelial cells in the liver involved in?
- Lining blood vessels
- Lining bile ducts
What are the parenchyma of kidney epithelium?
Epithelial cells
How are epithelial cells arranged in the kidney?
Organised into nephrons
What are the function of epithelial cells in the kidney?
Multiple functions:
- Filtration of blood
- Partial absorption of filtrate
- Overall to release urine from the kidney
What are the support epithelial cells of the kidney involved in?
- Lining blood vessels
- Lining renal pelvis
What classifies as abnormal function of epithelial cells?
- Over proliferation
- Under proliferation
- Over secretion
- Under secretion
- Loss of cilia/ciliary beat
What does the pituitary gland secrete?
Growth hormone
What is the result of abnormal function of the pituitary gland?
- Over production: Pituitary giantism
- Under production: Pituitary dwarfism
How can disease affect the function of the uterine tube?
- It contains singles celled mucous glands
- When infected with chlamydia trachoma’s thick mucus is produced
- This can lead to infertility as ovum/sperm become trapped
What is considered connective tissue?
- Blood/bone marrow
- Cartilage
- Bone
- Adipose
What is connective tissue composed of?
- Fibres (solid rope like)
- Ground substance (jelly like)
- Tissue fluid
