TM: Structure

Question 1

What is a transition metal?

Answer 1

Element that had an incomplete d sub-shell in either its atoms or one of its common ions

Question 2

Properties of transition metals

Answer 2

Variable oxidation states

Catalytic action

Coloured compounds

Formation of complexes

Question 3

Ligand definition

Answer 3

Particle with lone pair of electrons that bond to metals by a co-ordinate bond

Question 4

Complex definition

Answer 4

Metal ion with co-ordinately bonded ligands

Question 5

Co-ordination number definition

Answer 5

Number of co-ordinate bonds from ligands to metal ions

Question 6

Properties of a linear complex

Answer 6

2 co-ordination number
Ag+

Question 7

Properties of a square plane complex

Answer 7

4 co-ordination number
Pt2+ & Ni2+

Question 8

Properties of a tetrahedral complex

Answer 8

4 co-ordination number
Larger ligands unable for 6 to fit

Question 9

Properties of an octahedral complex

Answer 9

6 co-ordination number

Question 10

Properties of hexa-aqua ion complexes

Answer 10

6 water ligands bonded to a transition metal ion
Contains water molecules

Question 11

Complex ion, ligand and counter ion of NA3[AuF6]

Answer 11

Complex: [AuF6]3+

Ligand: 6F-

Counter: 3Na+

Question 12

What is a unidente ligand?

Answer 12

Ligands which form one co-ordinate bond to a metal ion

Question 13

What is a bidentate ligand?

Answer 13

Ligands which form two co-ordinate bond to a metal ion

Question 14

What isomerism occurs in octahedral or square planar? Requirements?

Answer 14

Cis-trans isomerism

2 ligands of one type that are different to others

Question 15

Cis-trans isomerism of Pt(NH3)2Cl2 and their names

Answer 15

Cisplatin - Cl and NH3 molecules next to each other

Transplatin - Cl and NH3 molecules opposite eachother

Question 16

What isomerism occurs only in octahedral? Requirements?

Answer 16

Optical isomers
3 bidentate ligands

Question 17

Example of small ligands

Answer 17

NH3 & H2O

Question 18

Example of larger ligand

Answer 18

Cl-

Question 19

What does Tollen’s reagent contain and how does the oxidation state change?

Answer 19

[Ag(NH3)2]+

Ag+ reduced to Ag in silver mirror