Ga2 > TMJ > Flashcards

TMJ Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

connects the mandible to the skull and regulates mandibular movement.

A

Tmj

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2
Q

bicondylar joint in which the condyles, located at the two ends of the mandible, function at the same time.

A

Tmj

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3
Q

most important functions of the temporomandibular joint

A

Mastication and speech

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4
Q

a ginglymoarthrodial joint, a term that is derived from ginglymus, meaning a hinge joint

A

Tmj

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5
Q

Peculiarity of tmj

A

-Bilateral diarthrosis
-Articular surface covered by fibrocartilage instead of
hyaline cartilage
-Only joint in human body to have a rigid endpoint of closure that of the teeth
-TMJ is last joint to start develop,
in about 7th week in utero
-Develops from two distinct blastema

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6
Q

immovable joint

A

Fibrous joint

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7
Q

Limited movement

A

Cartilaginous joint

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8
Q

Free movement

A

Synovial joint

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9
Q

Hinging movement

A

Ginglymoid joint

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10
Q

Gliding movements

A

Arthrodal joint

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11
Q

Components of tmj

A 
Mandibular Condyle
Articular surf of Temp bone
Capsule
Articular disc
Ligaments
Muscular component
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12
Q

Compound joint

A

Tmj

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13
Q

serve as non ossified bone that permits complex movements of the joint.

A

Articular disc

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14
Q

interposed between the condyle of the mandible and the glenoid fossa of the temporal bone.

A

Articular disc

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15
Q

articular tubercle or eminence

A

Anterior convex part

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16
Q

mandibular fossa

A

Posterior concave part

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17
Q

develops from mesenchyme lying between the developing mandibular condyle below and the bone above, which develop intramembranously.

A

TMj

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18
Q

During the 12th week of IU life ,2 clefts appear in the mesenchyme – producing the

A

Upper and lower joint cavities

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19
Q

The remaining intervening mesenchyme becomes the

A

Intra articular disc

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20
Q

develops from a condensation of mesenchyme surrounding the developing joint

A

Joint capsule

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21
Q

is flat at birth and there is no articular eminence , this becomes prominent only following the eruption of the decidous dentition.

A

Mandibular fossa

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22
Q

As temporal squama and tympanic plate converge medially on the spine of the sphenoid bone – intersposed is the bony edge of the roof of the tympanic cavity

A

Tegmen tympani

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23
Q

fissure between the temporal squama and tympannic bone

A

Squamotympannic fissure

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24
Q

Parts pf squamotympannic fissure

A

anterior part - petrosquamous fissure

posterior part petrotympannic fissure/glaserian fissure.

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25
allows passage of chorda tympani nerve.
Petrotympannic fissure
26
Barrel shape – measuring – 20mm – mediolateral 10mm – anteroposterior • Perpendicular to ascending ramus of the mandible • Oriented 10 – 30 degrees with frontal plane.
Condyle
27
Biconcave oval structure –intersposed between the condyle and the temporal bone.
Articular disc
28
Consists of dense collagenous tissue that is avascular , hyaline and devoid of nerve tissues in the central area but has vessels and nerves in the peripheral area.
Articular disc
29
3 regions in the saggital plane (articular disc)
* Intermediate zone * Posterior * Anterior
30
situated in the intermediate zone
Articular surface
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posterior attachment | highly vascularized
Retrodiscal tissue
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elastic fibres
Superior retrodiscal lamina
33
collagenous fibres.
Inferior retrodiscal lamina
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articular surface of temporal bone
Superior attachment
35
articular surface of condyle
Inferior attachment
36
Between the capsular ligament attachment
Superior lateral pterygoid muscle
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attachment medially and laterally
Capsular ligament
38
2 cavities of capsular ligament
- superior cavity | - inferior cavity
39
mandibular fossa and superior surface of disc.
Superior cavity
40
mandibular | condyle and inferior surface of disc
Inferior cavity
41
3 purposes of synovial
1. Medium for providing metabolic requirements to the non vascular articular surface of the joint. 2. Lubricant between articular surfaces during function. 3. Clear the tissue debris caused by normal wear and tear of articulating surfaces.
42
2 mechanisms by which synovial fluid lubricates are
Boundary lubrication | Weeping lubrication
43
Occurs when joint is moved and synovial fluid is forced from one area of cavity into another.
Boundary lubrication
44
Refers to the ability of articular surfaces to absorb a | small amount of synovial fluid
Weeping lubrication
45
Most superficial layer • Found adjacent to the joint cavity and forms the outermost functional surface. • Made up of dense fibrous connective tissue . • The collagen fibres are arranged in bundles and oriented nearly parallel to the articular surface.
Articular zone
46
Undifferentiated mesenchymal tissue – • This is responsible for the proliferation of articular cartilage in response to the functional demands placed on articular surfaces during loading.
Proliferative zone
47
Collagen fibrils are arranged in bundles in a crossing pattern. • The fibrocartilage appears in a random orientation ,providing three dimensional network that offers resistance against compressive and lateral forces.
Fibrocartilaganous zone
48
Made up of chondrocytes and chondroblasts distributed throughout the articular cartilage. • In this zone , the chondrocytes become hypertrophic, die and have their cytoplasm evacuated , forming bone cells from within the medullary cavity.
Calcified zone
49
complex molecule composed of a protein core and glycosaminoglycan chains.
Proteoglycans
50
connected to a hyaluronic acid chain , forming proteoglycan aggregates that make up a great protein of the matrix.
Proteoglycans
51
nourished predominantly by diffusion of synovial fluid, which depends on this pumping action during normal activity.
Joint cartilage
52
the basis for the weeping lubrication, and this action is thought to be very important in maintaining healthy articular cartilage.
Pumping action
53
Innervation of tmj
auriculotemporal nerve deep temporal and massetric nerve.
54
Predominant vessels
* Superficial temporal artery - * Middle meningeal artery - * Internal maxillary artery – * the deep auricular ,anterior tympanic and ascending pharyngeal arteries. * The condyle –
55
from the posterior
Superficial temporal artery
56
from the anterior
Middle meningeal artery
57
from the inferior
Internal maxillary artery
58
through marrow spaces by way of the inferior alveolar artery .
The condyle
59
made up of collagenous connective tissue, which do not stretch
Ligaments of the joints
60
accessory ligaments
Sphenomandibular ligament Stylomandibular ligament
61
Functional ligaments supporting the tmj
Collateral ligaments Capsular ligament Tm ligament
62
The lateral aspect of the capsular ligament is reinforced by strong , tight fibres
TM ligament
63
Parts of tm ligament
Outer oblique portion Inner horizontal portion
64
limits posterior movement of condyle and disc.
Inner horizontal portion of tmj
65
Deeper in red color due to higher concentration of myoglobin, • Capable of slow but sustained contraction • Well developed aerobic metabolism therefore resistant to fatigue.
Slow muscle fibers
66
Whiter due to lower concentrations of myoglobin • Have fewer mitochondria and rely more on anaerobic activity for function. • Capable of quick contraction but fatigue more quickly
Fat muscle fibers
67
Muscles of mastication
Masseter Temporal Medial pterygoid Lateral pterygoid
68
Portions of masseter
superficial portion (fibers run downward and slightly backward) • Deep portion (fibers run predominantly in vertical direction)
69
Areas of temporal muscle
anterior, middle and posterior portion
70
vertically directed fibers
Anterior portion
71
obliquely across lateral aspect of the skull
Middle portion
72
horizontally alligned fibers
Posterior portion
73
mandible raised vertically
Contraction of anterior portion
74
elevates and retrudes
Contraction of middle portion
75
elevation and | slight retrusion
Contraction of posterior portion
76
mandible elevated and teeth brought into contact - also active in protruding the mandible. - unilateral contraction brings about a mediotrusive movement of the mandible
Medial pterygoid
77
when the inferior right and left lateral pterygoid muscle contracts simultaneously –condyles are pulled down their articular eminences and mandible is protruded.
Inferior lateral pterygoid
78
especially active during power stroke
Superior lateral pterygoid
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