topic 2

Question 1

how can urban neighbourhoods achieve economic sustainability?

Answer 1

• ensures that a neighbourhood has a high enough population density
  -> support local businesses
  -> keep transport & infrastructure cost low
• local businesses can sustain themselves
  -> sufficient demands for goods&services
• buildings & objects usually located close to one another
  -> residents do not need to travel far

Question 2

how can urban neighbourhoods achieve social sustainability?

Answer 2

• ensures residents feel included & have a sense of shared identity
• fostered by having shared community spaces
  -> promote regular social interactions
• small population = more interactions
• residents can voice their opinions

Question 3

how can urban neighbourhoods achieve environmental sustainability?

Answer 3

1. ample protection for nature
   - wildlife can thrive
   - efforts shld be made to protect existing native species, habitats & ecosystems
   - biodiversity can be maximised
   -> having wide variety of habitats
   (diff species of trees)
   - adequate shelter & food for wildlife
2. facilities that support waste minimisation & recycling
   - conveniently locate recycling facilities & infrastructure around estates
   -> encourage ppl to recycle
   - recycling activities organised by residents/town council
3. energy & water-efficient design approaches for buildings & landscapes
   - buildings & landscapes can be designed to be energy-and-water efficient
   -> minimise use of resources
   - smart technology & eco-friendly features can be installed

Question 4

provisioning ecosystem services

Answer 4

• resources that can get from ecosystems
  -> food, water & wood
• provided by nature to people
• obtained thru agriculture & fisheries

Question 5

regulating services

Answer 5

• climate regulation
• disease outbreak regulation
• food regulation
• ecosystem processes work together
  -> ensure they r functional, clean & sustainable
• microclimate regulation
• flood mitigation
• air & water quality control

Question 6

cultural ecosystem services

Answer 6

• benefits ppl obtain from ecosystems
  -> aesthetic experiences
  -> educational opportunities (LJ)
  -> recreational activities
• presence of green spaces
• improve people’s well-being
• foster social belonging, group identity
  -> strengthen sense of place

Question 7

supporting ecosystem services

Answer 7

• necessary for functioning of other ecosystems services
  -> soil formation
  -> pollution
  -> photosynthesis