Topic 4: Renal function tests

Question 1

What is the normal range for urine output per day?

Answer 1

1-2 liters per day

Question 2

Describe the 3 types of urine volume

Answer 2

1) Polyuria = output excess of 2 L/day
- Causes: fluid intake + drugs + diabetes + Î Ca
2) Oliguria = output of less than 500 mL/day
3) Anuria = output of 0 -100 mL/day
- Causes: kidney disease + hypovolaemia = e.g. haemorrhage/dehydration
- Results in = azotemia

Question 3

Define azotemia

Answer 3

• High urea/nitrogen levels in blood

Question 4

Give the 2 types of diabetes affecting polyuria

Answer 4

1) Diabetes mellitus
2) Diabetes insipidus