Topic 4-Spreadsheet Applications

Question 1

Spreadsheet structure

Answer 1

• A spreadsheet contains one or more worksheets
• A worksheet is presented as a gird in the form of rows and columns
• Spreadsheets are designed to allow applications to preform calculations are recalculations automatically
• Cells can store data in a variety of forms,for example text,number,date,formula and so on
• Spreadsheet data can be formed as:general,number,currency,data,time,percentage and so on
• Formatting can also control the appearance of a cell,for example aligning text,changing the font or adding a border or background colour
• Conditional formatting allows cell shading or font colour to be applied to a cell or group of cells if a specified condition is met
• A value inputted to a given cell(s) can be controlled using data validation

Question 2

Templates

Answer 2

• A template refers to a document that has been pre-formatted using a predetermined layout for the user
• It serves as a starting point for a new document
• For example,a budget template will have allocated places for entering data such as income and expenditure for a company budget

Question 3

Importing data

Answer 3

• Data can be imported into a spreadsheet from other software sources,for example a database table
• In some cases,the file being imported may have to be in a certain format,for example CSV (comma-separated value),before the import process can begin

Question 4

Headers and footers

Answer 4

• To improve the presentation of worksheets, headers (placed at the top of the worksheet) and footers (placed at the bottom of the worksheet)
• These can be used to add page numbers, filenames or dates

Question 5

Formulas and functions

Answer 5

• Formulas and functions allow a spreadsheet to preform calculations and automatic re-calculations
• When a formula or function is entered into a cell it can be replicated quickly down a column or across a row using the ‘Fill’ function

Question 6

Sum(function)

Answer 6

SUM(A1:A10)

I he cells in the range A1 to A10 are added together and the total is displayed

Question 7

Average(function)

Answer 7

AVERAGE(A1:A10)

The cells in the range A1 to A10 are added together snd the average is calculated

Question 8

Max(Function)

Answer 8

MAX(A1:A10)

The highest value in the cell range A1 to A10 is returned

Question 9

MIN(Function)

Answer 9

MIN(A1:A10)

The lowest value in the cell range A1 to A10 is returned

Question 10

See pages 18 and 19 in new ICT book

Answer 10

See pages 18 and 19 in new ICT book

Question 11

Using spreadsheets for data modelling

Answer 11

• Spreadsheets are used in organisations for data modelling
• The model is controlled by a set of rules defined by formulas.By changing the formulas,the rules of the model can be varied
• Being able to answer ‘What if’ questions,such as ‘What if we increase our number of employees by 10 per cent;will it decrease our profits?’,allow business to predict future outcomes
• Using a spreadsheet to model data can assist in making better-informed decisions

Question 12

What does data modelling do

Answer 12

Data modelling uses mathematical formulas and calculations on data to help predict outcomes for given situations