Topic 8

Question 1

height

Answer 1

• females complete growth spurt 2 years earlier (16.5 yrs)
• males 4-6in taller
• regression starts in 3rd decade

Question 2

weight

Answer 2

• decreases 1st few days after birth (mothers don’t produce breast milk until 3-4 days)
• doubles by 4 months
• triples by 1 year
• quadruples by 2 years
• increases 20x=mature age
• half of mature age @ 10 years

Question 3

examples of how body proportions effect motor performance

Answer 3

• males: advantage for throwing/striking-longer arms
• females: advantage for balance-shorter legs, broader pelvis, lower center of gravity
• males taller, heavier, wider shoulders, longer arms and legs, more mm and bigger bones
• females lower center of gravity and wider hips (insertion of femur more oblique)

Question 4

maturation

Answer 4

qualitative, functional changes that occur with age and indicate organizational changes in the function of tissues/organs

• biological clock
• estimated using chronological age and biological age (dental, skeletal, and sexual)

Question 5

dental age

Answer 5

focus on when teeth erupt: deciduous=6mo-2 yrs, permanent=6mo-13 yrs
-deciduous teeth essential for speaking, chewing, and providing an opening for permanent teeth

Question 6

skeletal age

Answer 6

• best indicator of maturity, x-rays of left hand/wrist and comparative data used
• information spans entire growth period and has a clear beginning and end point
• all typically developing people reach a stage of skeletal maturity
• females 20% more mature (2 mo more at 1 year and 2 years more at age 10)

Question 7

early maturer

late maturers

Answer 7

• taller and heavier, displays more body fat during adolescence. Males more mesomorphic (culturally significant, often an advantage), females more endomorphic
• exhibit catch-up growth by late adolescence/early childhood, more ectomorphic, less body fat