Tourism

Question 1

Give reasons for growth in tourism

Answer 1

•Internet (social)
•budget airlines (economic)
        -Jet2
        -EasyJet
        -Ryanair
•Early Retirement (social + economic)
•Advertising (social)
•Improved accessibility (economic)
•Higher salaries are being earned (economic)

Question 2

Give reasons why people would visit Europe for tourism

Answer 2

World famous attractions:
Eiffel Tower (Paris)
Disneyland (Paris)
The Louvre (Paris)
The Colosseum (Rome)
The Vatican (Rome)
The Sistine Chapel (Rome)
Trevi Fountain (Rome) 
Great beaches
Excellent hiking opportunities (Alps)
Tower of London (London)
Big Ben (London)
Buckingham Palace (London)

Question 3

Why would tourists tend to avoid certain regions of Africa for holidays?

Answer 3

Full of LIC’s (low income country)
Diseases such as ebola and malaria (western Africa)
Tourists are kidnapped by pirates (Somalia)
Extreme religious views
Harsh Dictatorships (Robert Mugabe, Zimbabwe)

Question 4

Why wouldn’t tourists visit Somalia?

Answer 4

Piracy ☠
Child soldiers 🔫👱🏽🔪
War torn country 🔫⚔🗡🔪💣

Question 5

Why wouldn’t tourists visit Zimbabwe?

Answer 5

Economic Issues (inflation) 💷💷💷💷💷
Dictatorships (Mugabe) ✊🏼💀
Political Instability 👎🏻

Question 6

Why wouldn’t tourists visit the Congo?

Answer 6

Civil conflict ⚔🗡💣🔫🔪💀

Question 7

Why is tourism BAD for Antigua?

Answer 7

Can damage economy 💷, the culture 👱🏽 and the land 🏞
Relies heavily on tourism 💷🤑
Water shortages are not helped by tourism 💧
No farming 🐂🐐🐄🐏🐖🌱🎍 or manufacturing 🏢
Cruise ship companies organise own tours “robbing” local taxi drivers of business 🚖🛳💷
All inclusive holidays
Jobs are low paid

Question 8

What is tourism?

Answer 8

Tourism is where you stay away from home in a different location for at least one night

Question 9

Why do developing countries welcome tourism?

Answer 9

Tourism is welcomed in developing countries because it is one of the main

Question 10

Explain the six stages of the Butler model

Answer 10

1: Exploration - a small number of people begin to visit a naturally beautiful area.
2: Involvement - small scale businesses set up in these places to attract more people
3: Development - infrastructure is developed to allow more tourists (e.g. Hotels)
4: Consolidation - the area is at it’s height of popularity will attractions busy and accommodation full
5: Stagnation - the area begins to become run down, the facilities aren’t updated and prices plummet. This attracts the wrong kind of people which puts people off visiting the area
6: Rejuvenation or Decline - The area is either rebuilt and made a popular destination again via a rejuvenation scheme (e.g. ReBlackpool) or is left to become a place nobody will visit

Question 11

What is sustainability?

Answer 11

The ability to keep something going for a long period of time without damaging the needs of the future

Question 12

How did Blackpool know it was becoming less popular?

Answer 12

Visitor numbers fell by 6,000,000 (six million)

1000 hotels closed down

Hotels were often only 25% full

Question 13

How much did Blackpool spend on rejuvenation?

Answer 13

£250,000,000 (250 million pounds)

Question 14

How did Blackpool rejuvenate itself?

Answer 14

The £250 million Re-Blackpool scheme

Question 15

What did the Re-Blackpool scheme bring to Blackpool?

Answer 15

• Upgrade on Blackpool illuminations (£10 million)
• Cleaner beaches, three of which fly the blue flag
• New attractions such as the Sandcastles waterpark opened in 2006
• A glass skywalk at the top of Blackpool Tower (£10 million)
• The famous Comedy Carpet was installed (£3 million)
• Blackpool’s Promenade was improved with new street furniture and art installations
• A new visitor’s centre was set up for tourists to receive information about Blackpool.

Question 16

Define Mass Tourism

Answer 16

Mass tourism is where large quantities of people visit a particular place

Question 17

What attractions cause mass tourism to Kenya in Africa?

Answer 17

•Safaris such as the ‘Big Five’
-Rhinoceros, elephant, lion, leopard and buffalo
•The tropical beaches in Malindi and Mombasa
•Natural scenery such as national parks, Mt. Kenya and My. Kilimanjaro
•Local tribes (e.g. The Masai)

Question 18

What are the impacts of mass tourism on Kenya?

Answer 18

• Tourists get too close to the animals on safaris. Causes animals to flee from feeding their young. Leads to starvation.
• All-Inclusive restaurants reduce income in local restaurants
• Minibuses for safaris go off the beaten track, this disturbs the wildlife and destroys the savannah’s vegetation
• Tourist lodges use too much of the water supply and do not dispose waste appropriately
• Many hotels/lodges owned by foreign companies. Less income for locals

Question 19

Benefits of mass tourism for Kenya

Answer 19

• earns $1 billion annually
• helps Kenya earn more money than the country spends
• provides jobs in the hotels for the locals
• tourists are interested in seeing the wildlife so the animals are protected

Question 20

Negatives of mass tourism for Kenya

Answer 20

• People have been put off visiting Kenya due to political unrest
• environment is damaged by tourists on safari by going off tracks

Question 21

Define Stewardship

Answer 21

To behave in a responsible way in a fragile area

Question 22

Define Conservation

Answer 22

To protect a fragile area and/or wildlife

Question 23

What is Ecotourism

Answer 23

Ecotourism is a sustainable type of tourism which takes environmental, social and cultural considerations into account

Question 24

What are the features of the Kenyan National Tourism Master Plan

Answer 24

Diversify the country’s tourist product range (rafting, canoeing, etc.)
Better distribution of tourist activities
Double park entry fees
Less crowded safaris
Increase involvement of local tribes

Question 25

What are the four extreme environments?

Answer 25

Polar lands (Arctic Circle and Antarctica) Very dry (Sahara desert) Great height and steepness (Himalayas) Rainforests (The Amazon)

Question 26

What are the attractions of an extreme environment you have studied? (Antarctica)

Answer 26

``` Wildlife (penguins, seals and whales) Kayaking in the Ross Sea Walks and hiking on Mt. Vinson Scuba diving Climbing Huskey dog sledding ```

Question 27

Impacts of Tourism in Antarctica

Answer 27

Cruise ships carry only 100 tourists at a time (Polar Code) Visitor numbers expected to double in 10 years Only 2% of Antarctica is ice free. Soil destroyed by tourist bases New airstrips displace wildlife Tourists cannot go within 5m of wildlife Ships often ignore the passenger limit of 100 Visitor guide given to all tourists Raw sewage harms local marine life Tourist activities destroy landscape