Toxins

Question 1

Diptheria Toxin

Answer 1

inactivates Elongation Factor 2 in protein synthesis

Question 2

Pseudomonas a. Exotoxin A

Answer 2

Inactivates Elongation Factor 2 in protein synthesis

Question 3

Shiga toxin and the Shiga-Like toxin

Answer 3

Shigella sp.
EHEC
-inactivates 60S ribosome by cleaving rRNA

Question 4

ETEC Toxins

Answer 4

Heat Labile
-overactivates adenylate cyclase and raises cAMP levels to cause watery diarrhea

Heat Stable
-raises cGMP levels to cause watery diarrhea

Question 5

Yersinia toxin

Answer 5

Activates guanylate cyclase and raises cGMP levels to cause bloody diarrhea

Question 6

Anthrax Toxin

Answer 6

3 parts

1. Protective Antigen: prevents host immune destruction
2. Edema Factor: mimics adenylate cyclase to raise cAMP to cause water imbalance
3. Lethal Factor: endoprotease that cleaves MAPK kinase and leads cells into apoptosis

Question 7

Cholera toxin

Answer 7

Stimulates Gs to increase cAMP levels leading to voluminous watery diarrhea

Question 8

Pertussis Toxin

Answer 8

increases cAMP by disabling Gi

Question 9

Tetanus Toxin

Answer 9

Cleaves SNARE protein in the pre-synaptic cell preventing release of GABA and glycine

Question 10

Botulism Toxin

Answer 10

Cleaves SNARE proteins in the pre-synaptic cell preventing release of ACh

Question 11

Alpha toxin of Clostridium perfringens

Answer 11

Phospholipase (lecithinase) that degrades cell membranes and causes gas gangrene

Question 12

Streptolysin O of Strep pyogenes

Answer 12

Lyses RBCs