f(x)+c
up c
f(x)-c
down c
f(x+c)
left c
f(x-c)
right c
-f(x)
reflect x-axis
f(-x)
reflect y-axis
cf(x), c>1
stretched vertically
cf(x), 0<c<1
shrunk vertically
f(cx), c>1
shrunk horizontally
f(cx), 0<c<1
stretched horizontally
f(x)=radical x
one horizontal line w/endpoint
f(x)= x^2
parabola
f(x)= absolute value of x
V shape