transfusions

Question 1

apheresis donation

Answer 1

• blood separated into different components

Question 2

apheresis donation can cause _____ in the donor because the blood returned is citrated

Answer 2

hypocalcemia - temporarily low calcium

Question 3

Answer 3

1. plasma- contains proteins 55 %
2. buffy coat- leukocytes and platelets 1%
3. erythrocytes 40%

Question 4

platelets are stored

Answer 4

warm and under gentle agitation for 5 days

Question 5

plasma stored within 8 hours of collection still have ____ and ____ factors

Answer 5

5 and 8

Question 6

plasma stored before 8 hours should be used

Answer 6

to replace coagulation factors but never for pure volume replacement

Question 7

cryoprecipitate

Answer 7

used primarily for replacement of fibrinogen

Question 8

blood type A

Answer 8

• has B antibodies
• can accept A and O

Question 9

blood type B

Answer 9

• has A antibodies
• can accept from B and O

Question 10

blood type AB

Answer 10

make neither antibody

• can accept from A , B , AB or O
• universal acceptor

Question 11

blood type O

Answer 11

• makes A and B antibody
• has to accept from O
• universal donor

Question 12

frequency distributinos of ABO phenotypes

Answer 12

most common to least common

1. O
2. A
3. B
4. AB

Question 13

forward typing

Answer 13

test patients RBC with antibody; test for precense of antigens on the surface of red cells

Question 14

reverse typing

Answer 14

test the patinets serum or plasma with commercial RBC; test for the prescense of antibodies in the patients serum or plasma

Question 15

transfusion complications

Answer 15

1. transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)
2. Acute /delayed hemolytic
3. Febrile nonhemolytic
4. transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI)
5. Allergic
6. Anaphylactic

Question 16

after transfusion complitcationsq

Answer 16

1. stop transfusion
2. send remaining blood to blood bank
3. pre and post transfusion urine and plasma samples
4. serum color check
5. retype patient
6. DAT

Question 17

what is the fastest way to diagnose an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction

Answer 17

test tube is red

Question 18

acute hemolytic transfusion reaction

Answer 18

• destruction of transfused red cells during, immediately after or within 24 hours following a transfusion of red cells
• symptoms fever, chills, hypotension, oozing, hemoglobinuria, back pain

Question 19

treatment of AHTR

Answer 19

• IV fluids
• blood pressure with vasopressor
• maintain renal output
• fibrinogen, d-dimer, PT PTT to watch for DIC