transition metals

Question 1

Why do transition metal ahve similar properties?

Answer 1

• most have two outer 4s electrons as you go across period
• electrons added to the inner 3d sub-elevel

Question 2

What are the electron configuration does copper and chromium?

Answer 2

• copper has 3d10
• chromium is 3d5 and one in 4s

Question 3

WHat is the definition of a transition element>

Answer 3

• forms at least one stable ion w a part full d-shell electrons

Question 4

WHy are zinc and scandium not transition elements?

Answer 4

• scandium only form Sc³⁺ (3d⁰) in all its compounds
• zinc only form Zn²⁺ (3d¹⁰)
• they are therefore d-block elements but not transition elements

Question 5

What are the 4 main chemical properties of transition metals?

Answer 5

• variable oxidation states
  
  • more than one oxd state in their compounds
  • they can therefore take part in many redox reaction
• colours
  
  • metalions are coloured
• catalysis
  
  • affect rate w/o being used up or chemically charged
  • e.g. vanadium oxide in Contact process
• complex formation
  
  • form complex ion
  • surrounded by ligands
  • bonded by co-ordinate bonds

Question 6

Which electrons are lost first when forming a positive ion in transition metals?

Answer 6

in the s sub-level