Translation

Question 1

Starting with mRNA in the cytoplasm, describe how translation leads to the production of a polypeptide.
Do not include descriptions of transcription and splicing in your answer.

Answer 1



• mRNA associates with a ribosome / ribosome attaches to mRNA;
  Idea of association is required
• Ribosome moves to / finds the start codon /AUG;
• tRNA brings / carries (appropriate / specific) amino acid;.
  Must be explicitly stated and not inferred.
• Anticodon (on tRNA complementary) to codon (on mRNA);
• Ribosome moves along to next codon;
  OR
  Ribosome ‘fits’ around two codons / can fit two tRNAs;
  Must be explicitly stated and not inferred.
• (Process repeated and) amino acids join by peptide bonds / condensation reaction (to form polypeptide);
  OR
  (Process repeated and) amino acids joined using (energy from) ATP (to form polypeptide);