TRC

Question 1

TRC

Answer 1

• court-like body
• Promotion of national unity and reconciliation act 1995
• investigate human rights violations 1960-1994

Question 2

3 committees of TRC

Answer 2

• Human rights violations
• Amnesty
• Reparations and Rehabilitation

Question 3

aims of TRC

Answer 3

• Reveal truth
• stress the need for a culture of HR
• find what and why things happened
• set a straight historical narrative
• make whites aware of horrors
• create empathy
• national catharsis
• “rainbow nation”

Question 4

Context

Answer 4

• Decided in negotiations
• agreed as a provision in interim constitution
• many keen for amnesty
• many offenders let off on technicalities

Question 5

why 1960 onwards

Answer 5

• Sharpeville Massacre increased violence
• ANC and PAC banned after sharpeville
• Turning point

Question 6

How did victim hearings differ

Answer 6

• victims were invited
• only asked questions if necessary
• No cross-examinations

Question 7

TRC membership

Answer 7

• 17 commissioners
• Chairperson- Archbishop Desmond Tutu
• deputy- Dr Alex Boraine
• 300 members
• research led by Chalres Villa-Vincencio

Question 8

How long was TRC active

Answer 8

• 6 years
• first hearing in east london 15 April 1996
• final report-1998
• applications processed until 31 May 2001

Question 9

Human rights committee

Answer 9

• Invited people to testify
• Public & broadcasted
• Only Gross violations
• Applications long and confusing
• only focused on the worst violations in a certain time
• Christian overrtones- push for forgiveness
• people felt heard and respected

Question 10

Amnesty committee

Answer 10

• headed by Judge Hassan Mall
• deputy- judge Andre wilson

1. act needed political motivation
2. Full revelation, admit guilt
3. Act Proportional to Intention

• could recommend prosectution
• had to apply for individual crimes
• only 8% given amnesty

Question 11

Adriaan Vlok

Answer 11

First NP to apply

Amnesty in 1999

Question 12

Gideon Nieuwoudt

Answer 12

• security policemen
• wet bag torture
• denied amnesty for Steve Biko and pebco 3
• denied amnesty for Motherwell four
• granted for Siphiwo Mtimkulu
• sentenced 20 years and died waiting for appeal

Question 13

Eugene de Kock

Answer 13

• Prime Evil
• leader if CK death squad in Vlakplaas
• Convicted of 89 count of crime against humanity
• 212 years
• showed location of graves

Question 14

Dr Wouter Basson

Answer 14

• Doctor death
• head of secre chemical warfare
• poisoning
• researched drugs- Mandrax and Ecstasy
• refused to apply
• 30 month trial
• acquitted in 2003 on tehcnicality

Question 15

Craig Williamson

Answer 15

• spy and assassin
• lead dirty trucks campaign
• ruth first letter
• granted amnesty

Question 16

APLA amnesty

Answer 16

• Political motive ??
• “one settler: One nullet”
• st james massacre

Question 17

other amnesties

Answer 17

• spec ops of MK
• Township violence
• perpetrator of biopatong
• ANC 37 granted (thabo Mbeke and Jacob Zuma)

Question 18

Repirations and Rehabilitation committee

Answer 18

• Compensation for a past wrong
• never full compensation
• R2000 to urgent situations
• Grant for up to R23000 for 6 years
• 20 000 victims identified

Question 19

response by NP

Answer 19

• did not want atrocities shared
• accused “witch hunt”
• “maverick rebel elements”
• Botha never testified
• de klerk believed ignorant

Question 20

Response of ANC

Answer 20

• support & hate
• ANC found of HRV
• ANC tried to suppress final report
• Mandela supported TRC

Question 21

Response of IFP

Answer 21

• Opposed TRC
• felt no need for investigation
• > “pursuit of Liberation”
• 30% of HRV
• legal action against TRC
• IFP boycotted final ceremony