Emergency Nursing > Triads > Flashcards

Triads Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the components of Beck’s Triad (Cardiac Tamponade)?

A
  • Hypotension
  • JVD
  • Muffled heart sounds

Beck’s Triad is a clinical syndrome associated with cardiac tamponade.

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2
Q

What are the symptoms of Wernicke’s Encephalopathy?

A
  • Confusion
  • Ophthalmoplegia
  • Ataxia

Wernicke’s Encephalopathy is often associated with thiamine deficiency.

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3
Q

What are the components of Charcot Triad (Cholangitis)?

A
  • Fever
  • Jaundice
  • RUQ pain

Charcot Triad is indicative of cholangitis.

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4
Q

What additional symptoms are included in Reynold’s Pentad?

A
  • Charcot triad
  • Shock
  • Altered mental status

Reynold’s Pentad is used to diagnose severe cholangitis.

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5
Q

What are the symptoms of a Classic Migraine?

A
  • Aura
  • Unilateral headache
  • Nausea/Vomiting

Classic migraines often involve auras preceding the headache.

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6
Q

What are the symptoms of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus?

A
  • Dementia
  • Gait disturbance
  • Urinary incontinence

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus is characterized by these classic symptoms.

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7
Q

What are the symptoms of Myasthenia Gravis?

A
  • Muscle fatigue
  • Ptosis
  • Diplopia

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder affecting neuromuscular transmission.

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8
Q

What are the symptoms of Guillain-Barré Syndrome?

A
  • Ascending paralysis
  • Areflexia
    • CSF protein

Guillain-Barré Syndrome is characterized by rapid onset muscle weakness.

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9
Q

What are the symptoms of Nephritic Syndrome?

A
  • Hematuria
  • Hypertension
  • Oliguria

Nephritic Syndrome involves inflammation of the glomeruli.

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10
Q

What are the symptoms of Nephrotic Syndrome?

A
  • Proteinuria
  • Edema
  • Hypoalbuminemia

Nephrotic Syndrome is characterized by significant protein loss in urine.

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11
Q

What are the symptoms of Hyperthyroidism?

A
  • Heat intolerance
  • Weight loss
  • Palpitations

Hyperthyroidism results from excessive thyroid hormone production.

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12
Q

What are the symptoms of Hypothyroidism?

A
  • Weight gain
  • Fatigue
  • Cold intolerance

Hypothyroidism is characterized by insufficient thyroid hormone production.

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13
Q

What are the symptoms of Pheochromocytoma?

A
  • Headache
  • Palpitations
  • Sweating

Pheochromocytoma is a tumor of the adrenal gland that secretes catecholamines.

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14
Q

What are the symptoms of Cushing’s Syndrome?

A
  • Moon face
  • Buffalo hump
  • Purple striae

Cushing’s Syndrome results from excess cortisol in the body.

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15
Q

What are the symptoms of Addison’s Disease?

A
  • Hypotension
  • Hyperpigmentation
  • Hyponatremia

Addison’s Disease is characterized by insufficient production of adrenal hormones.

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16
Q

What are the symptoms of Diabetic Ketoacidosis?

A
  • Acidosis
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Ketosis

Diabetic Ketoacidosis is a serious complication of diabetes.

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17
Q

What are the symptoms of Hypercalcemia?

A
  • Bone pain
  • Renal stones
  • Abdominal/psych symptoms

Hypercalcemia can result from various conditions, including hyperparathyroidism.

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18
Q

What are the symptoms of Hypocalcemia?

A
  • Tetany
  • Chvostek sign
  • Trousseau sign

Hypocalcemia is characterized by low calcium levels in the blood.

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19
Q

What are the symptoms of Aortic Stenosis?

A
  • Angina
  • Syncope
  • Dyspnea

Aortic Stenosis is a narrowing of the aortic valve opening.

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20
Q

What are the symptoms of Left Heart Failure?

A
  • Dyspnea
  • Orthopnea
  • PND

Left Heart Failure leads to pulmonary congestion and symptoms related to it.

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21
Q

What are the symptoms of Right Heart Failure?

A
  • Edema
  • JVD
  • Hepatomegaly

Right Heart Failure leads to systemic congestion.

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22
Q

What are the symptoms of COPD?

A
  • Cough
  • Sputum
  • Dyspnea

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is characterized by airflow limitation.

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23
Q

What are the symptoms of Asthma?

A
  • Wheeze
  • Dyspnea
  • Cough

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways.

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24
Q

What are the symptoms of Pneumonia?

A
  • Fever
  • Cough
  • Consolidation

Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs.

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25
What are the symptoms of **Pericarditis**?
* Pleuritic pain * Pericardial rub * Diffuse ST elevation ## Footnote Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium surrounding the heart.
26
What are the symptoms of **Parkinson's Disease**?
* Resting tremor * Rigidity * Bradykinesia ## Footnote Parkinson's Disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder.
27
What are the symptoms of a **Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)**?
* Focal deficit * No infarct * Resolution <24 hours ## Footnote TIA is often referred to as a mini-stroke.
28
What are the symptoms of **Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH)**?
* Thunderclap headache * Neck stiffness * Vomiting ## Footnote SAH is often caused by a ruptured aneurysm.
29
What are the symptoms of **Bacterial Meningitis**?
* Fever * Neck stiffness * Altered mental status (AMS) ## Footnote These symptoms indicate potential inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.
30
What are the symptoms associated with **Pulmonary Embolism**?
* Dyspnea * Chest pain * Tachycardia ## Footnote These symptoms can indicate a blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries in the lungs.
31
What are the classic symptoms of **Horner's Syndrome**?
* Ptosis * Miosis * Anhidrosis ## Footnote This syndrome results from disruption of sympathetic nerve pathways to the eye.
32
What are the components of **Cushing's Triad** (ICP)?
* Hypertension, widen BP * Bradycardia * Irregular respirations ## Footnote This triad indicates increased intracranial pressure (ICP).
33
What ECG changes are associated with **Hyperkalemia**?
* Tall T-waves * Wide QRS * Sine wave ## Footnote These changes reflect elevated potassium levels in the blood.
34
What ECG changes are associated with **Hypokalemia**?
* U-waves * ST depression * Flat T-waves ## Footnote These changes indicate low potassium levels in the blood.
35
What are the signs of **Cardiac Arrest**?
* Apnea * Pulselessness * Unresponsiveness ## Footnote These signs indicate a cessation of effective heart function.
36
What are the symptoms of **Raised ICP**?
* Morning headache * Vomiting * Papilledema ## Footnote These symptoms can indicate increased pressure within the skull.
37
What are the symptoms of **Acute Pancreatitis**?
* Epigastric pain * High enzymes * Pain to back ## Footnote These symptoms suggest inflammation of the pancreas.
38
What are the symptoms of **Hypoglycemia**?
* Sweating * Confusion * Tachycardia ## Footnote These symptoms indicate low blood sugar levels.
39
What are the components of **Virchow's Triad**?
* Stasis * Hypercoagulability * Endothelial injury ## Footnote This triad describes the factors that contribute to thrombosis.
40
What are the components of **Whipple's Triad**?
* Hypoglycemia * Symptoms * Relief with glucose ## Footnote This triad is used to diagnose insulinoma or other causes of hypoglycemia.
41
What are the symptoms of **Appendicitis**?
* RLQ pain * Vomiting * Fever ## Footnote These symptoms indicate inflammation of the appendix.
42
What are the components of **Dieulafoy Triad**?
* McBurney tenderness * Hyperesthesia * Guarding ## Footnote These components are indicative of appendicitis.
43
What are the components of **Burroughs' Triad**?
* Abdominal pain * Tachycardia * Leukocytosis ## Footnote This triad can indicate an acute abdominal process.
44
What are the components of **Saint's Triad**?
* Hiatus hernia * Gallstones * Diverticulosis ## Footnote This triad describes a combination of gastrointestinal conditions.
45
What are the components of **Gradenigo Triad**?
* VI nerve palsy * Facial/ear pain * Otorrhea ## Footnote This triad is associated with petrositis or mastoiditis.
46
What are the symptoms of **Ménière's Disease**?
* Vertigo * Hearing loss * Tinnitus ## Footnote This condition affects the inner ear and balance.
47
What are the components of **Samter's Triad**?
* Asthma * Nasal polyps * Aspirin intolerance ## Footnote This triad is associated with a specific hypersensitivity reaction.
48
What are the components of **Hutchinson's Triad**?
* Hutchinson teeth * Keratitis * Deafness ## Footnote This triad is associated with congenital syphilis.
49
What are the components of **Vogt's Triad**?
* Fleischer ring * Vogt striae * Munson sign ## Footnote This triad is associated with keratoconus.
50
What are the symptoms of **Reactive Arthritis**?
* Arthritis * Urethritis * Conjunctivitis ## Footnote This condition often follows an infection.
51
What are the components of **Kartagener Syndrome**?
* Bronchiectasis * Situs inversus * Sinusitis ## Footnote This syndrome is a genetic disorder affecting ciliary function.
52
What are the components of **WAGR Syndrome**?
* Wilms tumor * Aniridia * GU anomalies ## Footnote This syndrome is a genetic disorder associated with specific developmental issues.
53
What are the symptoms of **Congenital Rubella**?
* Cataracts * Deafness * PDA ## Footnote This condition results from maternal infection during pregnancy.
54
What are the symptoms of **Sheehan Syndrome**?
* Agalactorrhea * Amenorrhea * Hypothyroidism ## Footnote This condition occurs due to pituitary gland failure after childbirth.
55
What are the symptoms of **Pre-eclampsia**?
* Hypertension * Proteinuria * Edema ## Footnote This condition occurs during pregnancy and can lead to serious complications.
56
What are the symptoms of **Ectopic Pregnancy**?
* Amenorrhea * Abdominal pain * Vaginal bleeding ## Footnote This condition occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus.
57
Paeds What are the symptoms of **Kawasaki Disease**?
* Fever >5 days * Non-purulent conjunctivitis * Polymorphous rash ## Footnote This disease primarily affects children and can lead to heart complications. CRASH and BURNS Conjunctivitis Rash Adenopathy Strawberry tongue Hands and feets Burn for fever
58
Paeds What are the symptoms of **Wilson's Disease**?
* Neuropsychiatric symptoms * Kayser-Fleischer rings * Cirrhosis ## Footnote This genetic disorder leads to copper accumulation in the body.
59
Paeds What are the symptoms of **Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome (HUS)**?
* Hemolytic anemia * Thrombocytopenia * Acute kidney injury ## Footnote This syndrome often follows a gastrointestinal infection.
60
Paeds What are the symptoms of **Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP)**?
* Purpura * Arthralgia * Abdominal pain * Renal involvement ## Footnote This condition is a small-vessel vasculitis that often affects children.
61
Paeds what are the symptoms of **Intussusception**?
* Colicky pain * Currant jelly stool * Palpable mass ## Footnote This condition occurs when part of the intestine telescopes into itself.
62
Paeds What are the symptoms of **Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome**?
* Irritability/tremors * High-pitched cry * Poor feeding ## Footnote This syndrome occurs in newborns exposed to drugs in utero.
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