CATEGORIES OF PREWRITING
- topic
- purpose
- audience
- format
STAGES OF THE WRITING PROCESS
- prewriting
- drafting
- revising and editing
- proofreading
- publishing
IDEAS FOR WRITING (tools we get ideas from)
- magazines,newspapers,and webpage
- start a file of articles you want to save for future reference
- brainstorm ideas, compile ideas into a list
- interview someone
- write anything that comes into your head
- use a cluster map
ORGANIZING IDEAS METHODS
- summarizing
- paraphrasing
- quoting
WHAT DO YOU DO DURING THE DRAFTING STAGE?
Put your ideas on paper and allow them to develop and change as you write.
TWO WAYS OF DRAFTING
- discovery drafting: write what’s in your mind
- planned discovery: requires an outline form
WHAT DOES REVISING AND EDITING LET YOU DO?
It allows you to polish your draft and make changes in its content, organization, and style.
HOW DOES REVISING AND EDITING WORK?
It makes you be clear of what a good work should be
- has a controlling idea
- precise
- adequate detail and evidences
- unified work
- coherent
- used a consistent point of view
- use of a variety if sentence types
- appropriate tone
WHAT’S PROOFREADING?
You proofread your paper for mistakes in grammar, usage, and mechanics
KINDS OF INTRODUCTIONS
An introduction presents a controlling idea/thesis statement.
- make a surprising statement: begin with a shocking statement or an interesting fact
- provide a description: using vivid modifiers(adjectives) to set a mood and bring a scene
- pose a question
- relate an anecdote: an anecdote or brief story can hook the readers and help make a point in a dramatic way
- address the reader: speaking directly to the reader establishes an informal tone and involves the reader in the topic
- begin with a controlling idea
WHAT’S A PARAGRAPH?
A paragraph is made up of sentences that work together to develop and idea or accomplish a purpose.
WHAT SHOULD A GOOD PARAGRAPH HAVE?
-unity: when all the sentences support and develop one stated or implied idea
•writing a topic sentence
•relating all sentences to an implied main idea
-coherence: when all the sentences are related to one another and each flows logically to the next
TRANSITIONS
Words and phrases that show connections between details
KINDS OF TRANSITIONS
- time or sequence
- spatial relationships (in front, behind…) helps reader to visualize
- degree of importance
- compare and contrast
- cause and effect
HOW MANY PARTS DOES A CONCLUSION HAVE?
It has two parts:
-summary (thesis statement restated)
-MCR: memorable concluding remark
•recommendation
•a quote, a question, etc
•anything extra/ how to let your audience ponder about
WHAT’S ELABORATION?
Is the process of developing an idea by providing specific supporting details that are relevant and appropriate to the purpose and form of writing
PARTS OF ELABORATION
- facts and statistics
- sensory details
- incidents (tell a story)
- examples
- quotations
WHAT IS A FACT?
It is a statement that can be verified.
WHAT IS STATISTIC?
It’s a fact expressed as a number.
