U-World

Question 1

urine test to distinguish unconj vs conjugated bili

Answer 1

ua uroblinogen= not soluble, unconjugated

ua bilirubin= soluble, conjugated

Question 2

Primary hyperaldosteronism is characterized by?

Answer 2

↑ Na
HTN
metabolic alkalosis
↓ Renin

Question 3

Basic labs for newly ddx essential htn

Answer 3

UA
CMP
Lipids
baseline ekg

Question 4

When to work up HTN more?

Answer 4

malignant htn
htn needing > 3 drugs
sudden ↑
age under 30

Question 5

Oropharyngeal dysphagia

Answer 5

coughing, choking, aspiration

nasal regurgitation

Question 6

Milk Alkali syndrome

Answer 6

characterized by high blood calcium caused by taking in too much calcium and absorbable alkali

untreated, milk-alkali syndrome may lead to kidney failure or death.

Question 7

Why are old people more orthostatic

Answer 7

decreased baroreceptor sensitivity

Question 8

histoplasmosis

Answer 8

cave sketchy
hilar adenopathy
shin nodules

Question 9

cocciodies

Answer 9

south west us sketchy

Question 10

blastomycosis

Answer 10

river valley canon ball sketchy

pneumonia

Question 11

most common extrarenal manifestation of ADPKD

Answer 11

1- hepatic cysts

also common- mitral prolapse, colon diverticula, inguinal hernia

Question 12

what medicine facilitates renal stone passage?

Answer 12

Tamsulosin

even in girls*

Question 13

G6PD assay false negative

Answer 13

the G6PD assay is often “normal” because by the time you run the test, all abnormal RBCs have died and only good ones remain, thus the test is a false “normal”,

Question 14

Ulcer that feels better after eating

Answer 14

duodenal ulcers

most common cause are h pylori and NSAIDs

Question 15

Coag tests in anti phospholipid

Answer 15

in vitro
↑ PTT

the antibody messes with the assay, no clotting factor deficiency

Question 16

characterized by corneal vesicles and dendritic ulcers

Answer 16

herpes simplex keratitis

Question 17

name of when VZV involves the eye

Answer 17

Herpes zoster opthalmicus

Question 18

When do you do an esophagoscopy in HIV candida esophagitis

Answer 18

when pts do not improve with empiric therapy

Question 19

Whats a good way to test for histoplasmosis

Answer 19

histoplasmosis urine antigen

Question 20

!st line treatment for RA

Answer 20

methotrexate

folate helps reduce its side effects

Question 21

Complications of RCA MI

Answer 21

RV failure

Papillary muscle rupture

Question 22

Complications of LAD MI

Answer 22

interventricular septum rupture

free wall rupture- 5 day to two weeks

Question 23

What is the most common cause of death in acute liver failure

Answer 23

Cerebral edema –> coma and brain stem herniation

Question 24

Macrocytic anemias likely have _____ in high concentrations

Answer 24

homocysteine

Question 25

Why should you aggressively hydrate patients getting IV acyclovir

Answer 25

5-10% of pts will develop crystalline nephropathy --> AKI

Question 26

Most common malignancy of the lower lip

Answer 26

Squamous

Question 27

bounding pulses is a buzz word for?

Answer 27

aortic regurg

Question 28

Most hypothyroid pts also have this lab abnormality

Answer 28

HLD | ↑ tri-glys

Question 29

Name two aldosterone antagonists

Answer 29

eplerenone | spironolactone

Question 30

methotrexate side effects

Answer 30

``` macro anemia nausea oral ulcers hepatotoxicity interstitial lung disease hair loss fever ```

Question 31

What provides survival benefit in CHF

Answer 31

ACE ARB BB spironolactone

Question 32

Digoxin side effects

Answer 32

NVD vision changes arrhythmias drug levels need to be monitored

Question 33

When does mycobacterium avium happen in HIV

Answer 33

with CD4 under 50 | use azithromycin prophylaxis