1
Q
Are two primary factors that shape the behavior of human groups.
A
Environment and History
2
Q
It is frequently linked with a person’s racial, cultural or religious group. It can include several characteristics, such as race, language and religion.
A
Ethnicity
3
Q
Are the two of the most common ways of expressing, constructing, or classifying shared identities.
A
Ethnicity and Nationality
4
Q
It is related to the state to which an individual belongs or share affiliation. It sually implies that a person is from a specific country or a territory dominated by a certain ethnic group. It also inhabits a particular territory delineated by a political border and controlled by government.
A
Nationality
5
Q
Smaller cultural groups that share specific environments, traditions, and histories that are not necessarily subscribed to by the mainstream culture.
A
Ethnic Group
6
Q
It is a process of legal applications.
A
Naturalization
7
Q
Latin meaning of right of blood
A
Jus Sanguinis
8
Q
Latin meaning of right of soil
A
Jus Soli
9
Q
It refers to the biological characteristics of humans such as male and female. It primarily related to chromosomes, hormones, and reproductive organs.
A
Sex
10
Q
A person’s attraction to others, whether it’s romantic, emotional, or sexual.
A
Sexual Orientation
11
Q
This is how someone chooses to express their gender through appearance, behavior, and mannerisms.
A
Gender Expression
12
Q
It refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women. It also refers to the composite of attitudes and behavior of men and women (masculinity and femininity)
A
Gender
13
Q
This is an individual’s internal sense of being male, female, both, neither, or something else.
A
Gender Identity
14
Q
When a person’s gender identity matches the sex they were assigned at birth.
A
Cisgender
15
Q
When persons gender identity differs from the sex they were assigned at birth.
A
Transgender
16
Q
An umbrella term for gender identities that are not exclusive male or female.
A
Non-binary
17
Q
Similar to non-binary, a term for individuals who reject traditional gender distinctions.
A
Genderqueer
18
Q
When a person’s gender identity changes over time or depending on the situation.
A
Genderfluid
19
Q
When a person partially, but not fully, identifies as boy or girl, repectively.
A
Demigender
20
Q
When a person identifies as having no gender or being gender-neutral.
A
Agender
21
Q
When a persons identifies as having two gender, either simultaneously or switching.
A
Bigender
21
Q
Having or experiencing all genders.
A
Omnigender
22
Q
A person who is sexually attracted to a person of the opposite sex.
A
Heterosexual
23
Q
A person who is sexually attracted to a person of the same sex
A
Homosexual
24
An individual who is attracted to both sexes.
Bisexual
24
A male who is romantically and sexually attracted to another male.
Gay
24
A female who is romantically and sexually attracted to another female.
Lesbian
25
An individual who is totally incapable of being attracted to any sex.
Asexual
26
Accommodates all types of gender.
Pansexual
27
Attracted to multiple types of gender.
Polysexual
28
The concept of _____________________ varies between societies as the ideas associated with being poor or rich differ based on the collective experiences of individuals.
Socioeconomic class
29
Refers to the political and economically advanced societies in the world.
Global North
30
Refers to the countries whose political and economic indicators are within developing category.
Global South
31
Refers to the set of attitudes and practices that an individual adheres to in relation to the political systems and actors within his/her society.
Political Identitiy
32
A party that promotes youth empowerment.
Kabataan Paerylist
33
A party that negotiates for the welfare of the LGBTQI community.
Ang Ladlad
34
Believing in the eexistence of multiple Gods.
Polytheistic
35
Is a complex and multifaceted concept that encompasses beliefs, practices, rituals, and moral codes.
Religion
35
A Paleolithic artwork
that depicts the supernatural ability of a religious practitioner to become half-man and half-animal.
Sorcerer of Les Gabillou
36
Believing in the existence of one God
Monotheistic
37
The study of politics and power from domestic, international and comparative perspective.
Political Science
37
Some individuals do not conform to behavioral or cognitive norms, not because they intend to deviate from such, but because they are exceptional.
Exceptionality/ Non-exceptionality
37
Occurs as human populations adapt to their surroundings. It includes factors like technology and globalization.
Social Change
38
Commonly defined as the scientific study of social relations, social institutions, and societies, is characterized by a great diversity of ways of conceiving its objectives.
Sociology
39
It is the study of people throughout the world, their evolutionary history, how they behave, adapt to different environments, communicate and socialize with one another.
Anthropology
40
A form of human classification that was based on observable human traits and characteristics.
Race
40
Caucasoid, Australoid, Mongoloid, and Negroid
Major Race
41
Three major colonizing powers of the Philippines.
Spanish, American and Japanese
41
This perspective promotes the equality of our biological makeup despite our ancestry
Biological Egalitarianism
42
Neolithic Revolution
Characterized by a major shift in economic subsistence of the early humans from foraging to agriculture.
43
Civilization
Is a highly organized society marked by the advanced knowledge of trade, government, arts, and written language.
44
State
Political entity that has four requisite elements: territory, sovereignty, people and government.
45
Divine Right Theory
(PT) Rulers ascended to power convinced that their right to rule is based on their filial relationship with supernatural forces and entities.
46
Force Theory
(PT) A group forces members of another group to subject themselves to their rules.
47
Paternalistic Theory
(PT) The father essentially is the leader of the first political unit.
48
Social Contract Theory
(PT) The creation of a state was a mutual agreement between the ruler and the ruled to ensure order and security from outside threats.
49
Natural Theory
(PT) Humans have an innate need to be part of a community.
50
Political Animals
Humans are '____________________' as it is in their nature to indulge in politics (Aristotle).
51
Demokratia
A political ideology that aimed at dispersing power from the monopoly of the elites to the masses
52
Cleisthenes
An Athenian statesman who proposed that there is a political ideology that aimed at dispersing power from the monopoly of the elites to the masses .
53
507 BCE
The traditional view on the history of democracy highlights its development among the city-states of ancient Greece, around __________.
54
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
Is the primary transnational entity that manages and negotiates matters relating to human heritage.
55
Cultural Heritage
Is the legacy of physical and intangible attributes of a group or society that is inherited from past generations.
56
Tangible
(CH) In the form of structures, monuments, historical sites, and other artifacts.
57
Movable Tangible Heritage
(CH) Pieces that are removed from the sites where they were found to be transferred to museums for safekeeping and maintenance.
58
Immovable Tangible Heritage
(CH) Left to the elements of nature (i.e., rain, wind, sand, sun), which makes them vulnerable to decay and corrosion.
59
Intangible
(CH) In the form of literature, oral traditions, concepts, and values.
60
Museums
Repository of archeological finds that allow people from the contemporary period to reconstruct the culture and environment of their ancestors. A venue which encapsulates history. It allows ordinary people to have an access to their ancestors' lives and environment without traveling to archeological sites, which are often highly inaccessible.
61
Smithsonian Institution
(M) It is located on the National Mall in washington D.C.
62
It has free admission and is open 364 days a year.
63
La Louvre
(M) A historic museum, It is the most largest art museum in Paris,France.
64
Acropolis Museum
(M) It is an archaeological museum focused on the findings of the archeological site of the Acropolis of Athens, Greece. Here can be found the monumental structures, significant religious artifacts.
65
State Hermitage
(M) A museum of art and culture in St. Petersburg Russia.
66
British Museum
(M) A public institution dedicated to human history, art and culture located in the Bloomsbury area of London.
67
The Prado
(M) The first cinematic journey through the rooms stories and emotions of one of the most visited museums in the world which can be located at Madrid, Spain.
68
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
(M) Largest art museum in the US. Its permanent collection contains over two million works, divided among 17 curatorial departments.
69
The Uffizi Gallery
(M) It is a prominent art museum located adjacent to the Piazza dela Signoria in the Historic Centre of Florence in the region of Tuscany, Italy.
70
The Rijksmuseum
(M) It is a Dutch national museum dedicated to arts and history of Amsterdam.
71
Vatican Museums
(M) They display works from the immense collection amassed by the catholic Church and the papacy throughout the centuries, including several of the most renowned Roman sculptures and most important masterpieces of Renaissance art in the world.
72
National Museum of the Philippines
Thank you for listening!
73
Society
Is commonly defined as a group of people and sharing a common culture.
74
Culture
Defined as "that complex whole which encompasses beliefs, practices, values, attitudes, laws, norms, artifacts, symbols, knowledge, and everything that a person learns and shares as a member of a society."
75
Cultivated land, Cultivation
The meaning of the root word of culture which shows how humans ability to tilt the land- to engage in agricultural to produce food- part of the foundation of what we call as culture.
76
RA No. 7356 (Law Creating the National Commission for Culture and the Arts)
Defined culture as a manifestation of the freedom of belief and of expression and is human right to be accorded due respect and allowed to flourish. It further relates culture to "national identity"
77
Material Culture
(AC) Objects or belongings of a group of people.
78
Non-material Culture
(AC) Consist of the ideas, attitudes, and beliefs of a society.
79
Culture is Learned
(CC) We acquire cultural understanding through experience and observation through the process of enculturation.
80
Enculturation
The process which individuals obtain and transmit aspects of their society's culture.
81
Language
Plays a huge role in every culture, as the primary means in which culture is transmitted.
82
Culture is Symbolic
(CC) It provides meanings to every human expression be it in words or deeds, with both verbal and non-verbal symbols whose meanings are formed and accepted by societies through their own processes.
83
Culture is Shared
(CC) It is rooted in and is transmitted in/by/ through groups/ societies. Culture is commonly known as the shared ideas, beliefs etc. which prevail in a society.
84
Culture is Dynamic, Flexible, and Adaptive
(CC) It lends itself to change or transformation.
85
Culture is Integrated
(CC) It relies on social patterns or systems that are embedded in societies. It is also all-encompassing as it includes all aspects of one society's way of life.
86
Human Evolution
Refers to the "lengthy process of change by which people originated from apelike ancestors."
87
Australopithecus Afarensis (Lucy)
(HL) It is one of the longest-lived and best known early human species. They have a projecting face, an upright stance and a mixture of ape-like and human-like body.
88
Homo Habilis
(HL) Means "handy man", skillful in doing small tasks, implying the use of basic tools.
89
Homo Erectus
(HL) Means "upright man", emphasizing humankind's evolution toward standing and walking up straight.
90
Homo Neanderthalensis
(HL) Cold-adapted hominins with stout physics, complex behaviors, and brains similar in size to ours.
91
Homo Sapiens
(HL) Means "wise man" implying relative intelligence that built today's civilization.
92
Hunting and gathering societies
(CSPE) Refers to relatively small and simple societies in which people sustain themselves through hunting and gathering foods.
93
Hunters/Gatherers/Foragers
Members of the Hunting and gathering societies.
94
Hadza people of Tanzania
The indigenous __________________________ is among the world's last hunter-gatherer tribes that have occupied their land unchanged for thousands of years.
95
Agta People
The ________________ of northeastern Luzon, Philippines were formerly a hunting-gathering society that was force to adjust to an onslaught of social, economic, and environmental changes.
96
Horticultural societies
(CSPE) Are known to grow some crops using basic tools.
97
Pastoral societies
(CSPE) Are generally nomadic people who raise livestock or domesticated animals raised for food and to produce useful commodities such as fur and leather.
98
Agricultural societies
(CSPE) Go beyond horticultural societies by growing a larger number of crops using relatively more developed tools such as plows.
99
Industrial societies
(CSPE) Manufacture products /commodities from raw materials through the use of machines.
100
Post-industrial societies
(CSPE) Where high skilled professionals in the information technology sector play a major role in the economy, and where most jobs are in the service sector.
101
Symbols
Is an object, word, or action, that stands for something else, without natural relationship that is culturally defined. __________ such as gestures, signs, objects, signals, and words help people understand the world. Provide clues to understanding experiences. They convey recognizable meanings that are shared by societies. Are also used to preserve traditions or beliefs of a certain group of people.
102
Symbolism
Is when something represents abstract ideas or concepts; it assign names denominations, and define relations between various elements (actors, actions, goals, means, objects, values, etc.) articulated within a narrative.
103
Cultural Symbols
Are a physical manifestation that signifies the ideology of a particular culture or that merely has meaning within a culture. It dosen't have to be actual symbols or signs; they can also be gestures such as handshakes and hand signals. Additionally, the same symbol can mean different things in different cultures.
104
Social Symbols
Are relating to human society and its modes of organization: social classes; social problems or a social issue. A symbol that something people want to have or do because they think other people will respect or admire them for it such as education, occupation, marital status, accomplishments, or other factors. Are used to transfer culture, ideologies or beliefs from group to another group of people.
105
Political Symbols
Are used to represent a political standpoint. The symbolism can occur in various media including banners, acronyms, pictures, flags, mottos, and countless more.
106
Economic Symbols
Are used in production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.
107
Cultural Practices
Are the manifestation of a culture or sub-culture, especially concerning the traditional and customary practices of a particular ethnic or other cultural group. It plays an important role for a civilization and character of its citizens and society.
108
Social Practices
Refer to everyday practices and the way these are typically and habitually performed in a society. It shapes everyday life and are familiar to all members of the community. They are relevant to community and help reinforce a sense of identity and continuity with the past.
109
Economic systems or practices
Practices are the means by which societies distribute resources and trade goods and services. They are used to control the five factors of production, including: labor, capital, entrepreneurs, physical and information resources.
110
Political Practices
Are a set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations to individual such as the distributions of resources.
111
Group
A bounded collection of interacting individuals who are functionally, cognitively, and structurally interdependent to various degrees.
112
The International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Lindeberg 2015)
It defines a group as "a bounded collection of interacting individuals who are functionally, cognitively, and structurally interdependent to various degrees."
113
Primary Groups
The direct sources of an individual's social skills and knowledge. Refer to those built on the bases of intimate and personal relationships that allow them to thrive and tend to last, through cooperation and close association.
114
Secondary Groups
Are more formal in context as the relationships and interactions in them are limited to a particular role that an individual plays within the group. Tend to be larger and more impersonal in nature. Membership depends on shared aspirations or common objectives rather than on family ties or personal relationships.
115
Barkada
Is the term that most Filipinos in their youth use to refer to a group who share the same social inclinations.
116
Social Aggregate
Individuals gather in same place but neither interacting nor sharing similar characteristics.
117
Social Network
Consists of individuals who have dyadic relationships that are interacting with other relationships within a structure. It is a social structure consisting of people who have varying degrees of relations and interrelationships.
118
Sociogram
Is a visual representation of the social networks present in one group or more.
119
Jacoob Moreno
A psychotherapist who developed the sociogram in 1951 to understand the dynamics of the intersections of social groups.
120
Clique
An exclusive group that is separate from the entire unit.
121
One-way choice
An individual who relates to another individual who does not reciprocate the affiliation.
122
Isolate
An individual who has chosen no one and is not chosen by anyone in the structure.
123
In-group
The social group in which an individual directly affiliates and expresses loyalty to.
124
Out-group
The group that an individual is not part of. Negative attributes are usually associated with an individual who are part of this group.
125
Reference group
A group of people that a person uses to compare themselves to, or form opinions and behavior. The behavior of an individual can be shaped by the set of behavior and beliefs of a group that such an individual considers as ideal.
126
Normative Effect
When an individual receives a positive self-evaluation.
127
Comparison Effect
Result of a negative self-evaluation.
128
Small Groups
Isolated members often cope by creating small groups that foster direct interaction among its members. Primary relationships are created.
129
Large Groups
Tends to promote detachment through indirect interaction. Secondary relationships are experienced.
130
Dyad
It is the most cohesive and directly interacting small group. Consists of two individuals. It has potential for the formation of strong bonds due to constant interaction that individuals have.
131
Triad
A small group of three individuals. It has lesser cohesion than a dyad because of the lesser personal collection that each individual has with the other members in the group.
132
Group-think
A united acceptance and practice of an idea that is believed as form of group loyalty.
133
Expressive Leader
Motivated by the relationships that he or she has with the members of the group. This leader employs a cooperative style of management, wherein the opinions of the members are accounted for as the main goal of group is to maintain its cohesion.
134
Instrumental Leader
Implement a directive style of management, wherein members of the group are directed to perform tasks that lead to the achievement of the group goal. This type of leader is achievement motivated, which makes the purpose of the group and the individuals defined by the goals they have set.
135
Formal Organization
When a secondary group is directed by its goals. It includes groups such as political parties, and academic and professional organization.
136
Informal Organization
Is a group of people who form social connections and work together without formal rules or structures. Characterized by the informal relations between members.
137
Rational Planning
The process of making decisions based on logic and reasons. This process implies identification of tasks, roles, implementation programs, and general policies. This provides organizations a businesslike nature.
138
Bureacratic Organization Model
This model is lifted from Max Weber's concept of Western society. The claimed that due to the plurality of cultures and the development of technology, modern Western societies required to create formal organizations that are bureaucratic in nature. These types of organizations operate within frame of written rules and regulations that allow for a more efficient implementation of organizational objectives.
139
Colectivist Organization Model
This organizational model responded to the issues that confronted the bureaucratic model. Based on Karl Marx's theory on the evolution of society, this model predicts the demise of bureaucratic organizations within a shift from class-based to a classless society. The hierarchy created in bureaucratic society is erased to the extent that the supervisors and workers are collectively and harmoniously functioning toward the achievement of the organization's goals.
Finale Exams
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Decks in class (4)
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