UE Prosthetics

Question 1

Most UE amputees happen from ________ accidents or ________ injuries.

Answer 1

• industrial

- combat

Question 2

• __% of congenital amputations are UE.

- __% of traumatic amputations are UE.

Answer 2

• 60%

- 70%

Question 3

If a UE amputation is due to cancer (CA), it will usually be /.

Answer 3

A/E (above elbow)

Question 4

Is scar placement critical in UE amputations?

Answer 4

No, we don’t typically WB on arms.

-Stll important to have good scar mobility.

Question 5

What are some levels of UE amputations?

Answer 5

• Wrist disarticularion
• Forearm (lose pro/sup) (as distal as possible)
• Elbow disarticulation
• Above Elbow (as distal as possible)

Question 6

With UE amputations, the prosthetic arm may be left slightly shorter, why?

Answer 6

When the arm is hanging at the side, it tends to look longer because it is “lifeless”.

Question 7

What are some bony landmarks to consider with UE amputees.

Answer 7

• C7: harness ring below
• Clavicle: site of breakdown
• Acromion: to measure length of residuum
• Scapula: need good mobility

Question 8

Why is scapular mobility so important?

Answer 8

You have to have good mobility to operate tension of cable that operates the terminal device for the hand.

Question 9

Why will amputees prefer a hook over a hand?

Answer 9

• It is functional and durable.

- Can see through it to manipulate objects since they don’t have sensation.

Question 10

With a B/E harness, by either moving the ______, or going into shoulder ________ or ________ they will create tension on the cable.

Answer 10

• scapula

- shoulder flexion or abduction

Question 11

What is a voluntary open device?

Answer 11

When tension is placed on the cable (flexion), it will put tension on the terminal device and open it.

Question 12

B/E Harness System:

• Shoulder flexion _______ cable and operates terminal device.
• Shoulder extension ________ cable and closes terminal device.
• Shoulder abduction augments ________.

Answer 12

• tightens
• relaxes
• flexion

Question 13

In A/E Harness Systems, the ____ cable will operate both the elbow and the terminal device.

Answer 13

same

Question 14

With an A/E harness system, through a motion of shoulder _______, _________, and a little _________ they will lock the elbow.

Answer 14

depression, extension, a little abduction

Question 15

What does a locking of the elbow do?

Answer 15

Allows any additional tension to be placed on the terminal device to open it.

Question 16

With an A/E Harness System, the elbow must be ______ to operate the terminal device.

Answer 16

locked

Question 17

Myoelectric System will use ____ sensors. How does this work?

Answer 17

EMG

-Sensors in the prosthetic will act on muscles that are left over and will act on the terminal device.

Question 18

With the Myoelectric System, typically ______ will close the hand and _______ will open the hand.

Answer 18

• flexors

- extensors

Question 19

What are some problems with the Myoelectric System?

Answer 19

• heavy
• make noise
• breaks
• needs to be charged

Question 20

Myoelectric system is suspended through what systems?

Answer 20

• Pin and lock
• Suction
• Supracondylar

Question 21

If there is damage to the forearm muscles, what can be done?

Answer 21

Electrodes can be imiplanted in chest or back as well.

Question 22

On The Horizon Devices

Answer 22

• Independent Finger Motion
• Targeted Muscle Reinnervation
• Osseointegration
• Neural Prosthesis Interfaces

Question 23

1

Answer 23

1

Question 24

1

Answer 24

1

Question 25

Targeted Muscle Reinnervation provides more intuitive control. How is this done?

Answer 25

Nerves from the brachial plexus in residuum are transferred to target mm that no longer perform function. Augments signal to muscle for easier and enhanced prosthetic control.

Question 26

With Targeted Muscle Reinnervation, nerves grow into new target tissue and this enhances _______ of the myoelectric arm.

Answer 26

control

Question 27

Targeted Muscle Reinnervation is only for ________ disarticulation or __________.

Answer 27

- shoulder | - transhumeral

Question 28

Osseointegration involves __ surgeries __ months apart.

Answer 28

2 surgeries 6 months apart

Question 29

What is the idea behind Neural Prosthesis Interfaces?

Answer 29

Taking signals from the brain, and through a neural interface and processing unit, they take what you are thinking and send it to the terminal device.

Question 30

With Neural Prosthesis Interfaces we can get ________ control as well as feed-forward control.

Answer 30

- Feedback, other prosthesis can't do this. | - Example is if something is slipping in hand, sensation of that goes to the brain and tells the hand to close tighter.