Tone - hyper
Clasp knife
Lead pipe
Synkinesis– reinforces hypertonia
Synkinesis
Involuntary movements
Reinforces hypertonia
Pain playing
UMN
Parkinson’s
Hand slapping and finger-nose
Cerebellar ataxia
UMN posture
Shoulder AD
elbow F
Wrist F
Pronated
Spinothalamic pathology
Syringomyelia
Anterior cord syndrome
Dorsal columns pathology
Tabes Dorsalis
SCDC
Any spinal tract pathology
MS
LMN
Normal or decreased tone Decrease power Decrease reflexes Normal plantars Normal coordination
Wasting
Fasciculations
UMN
Increased (spastic) Decreased power Brisk reflexes Plantars up Coordination down
Clonus
Extra pyramidal
Increased tone/ rigid
Decreased coordination
Cerebellar
Hypotonia
Big decreased coordination
LMN
Normal or decreased tone Decrease power Decrease reflexes Normal plantars Normal coordination
Wasting
Fasciculations
UMN
Increased (spastic) Decreased power Brisk reflexes Plantars up Coordination down
Clonus
Extra pyramidal
Increased tone/ rigid
Decreased coordination
Cerebellar
Hypotonia
Big decreased coordination