History 12 > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q

Democracy (classical)

A
  • Direct
  • Supreme power vested in people and exercised by them directly
  • inefficient,expensive
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2
Q

Democracy (contemporary)

A
  • representative (indirect)
  • supreme power vested in people and exercised by them indirectly through a system of representatives in which people choose their representatives
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3
Q

Nationalism

A
  • patriotic feeling

- feeling of superiority over other countries

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4
Q

Militarism

A

-spirit which exalts military virtues and ideals and pursues a policy of aggressive national interests

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5
Q

Imperialism

A
  • extension of empire by acquirement of new territory

- extending countries power and influence through diplomacy or military force.

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6
Q

Perspective

A

-ability to view events of a particular era without imposing own value system on those times.

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7
Q

Darwinism

A

-Charles Darwin ideas proposed that new leaders in society would be secular rather than religious.

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8
Q

Secularisation

A

-separation from church and state

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9
Q

Decadence

A
  • decay of moral standards

- morality changing rapidly

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10
Q

Autocracy

A

-one person, or group with a single strong leader has political power without legal constraints and is not answerable to elections or any other group

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11
Q

Empire

A

-collection of territories ruled by one authority (headed by an emperor empress)consisting of an imperial state and independencies such as: colonies-dominions-provinces

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12
Q

Hegemony

A

political domination of one state over others

-tool used to carry out European hegemony = imperialism

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13
Q

Motives for Imperialism

A
  1. economic - greed, resources
  2. agressive-power,confidence
  3. strategic - another source for resources, access to ports, men
  4. missionary - religion
  5. colonizing- more room to live/expand
  6. humanitarian/leadership
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14
Q

Origins of Imperialism

A
  • after European industrial revolution , produced more than they could consume. colonies would:
    • consume products of factories
    • supply raw materials for industries
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15
Q

White man’s burden

A
  • morally justify harsh treatments of natives

- claimed that reason for imperialism was to bring natives the ‘benefits’ of European civilization

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16
Q

Significance of imperialism

A
  • Europe had technological superiority, able to force their system onto rest of world
  • increased squabbles
  • de-colonization
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17
Q

Monroe Doctrine (America)

A

-no European involvement in American affairs

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18
Q

Gold standard

A

-currencies were worth the same amount

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19
Q

Two-power standard

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A

-Britain navy had to be at all times as powerful as any two other navies of the world combined

20
Q

Splendid Isolation

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A

-remained disentangled from messy European affairs

21
Q

Entente Cordiale

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A
  • British +French

- to settle outstanding imperialistic disputes between F+B , particularly the Fashoda Incident

22
Q

Fashoda Incident 1898

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A
  • B+F both had claims to Egypt which stemmed from construction of Suez canal
  • British +French forces met in the Sudan
  • French got region west of watershed, British confirmed position in Egypt
23
Q

Triple entente

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A

-British, France,Russia

24
Q

Otto Van Bismark

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A
  • leader of Prussia united German states through series of wars.
  • united under motto “Blood and iron”
25
Franco-Prussain wars
- Germany defeated France - took Alsace-Lorraine from France - made a long term enemy of France
26
Mercantilism
-colonized countries had to buy from mother country for inflated prices
27
Dual Alliance 1879
- Germany +Austrie-hungary | - prevent encirclement
28
Triple alliance 1882
-Italy joined
29
Re-Insurance Treat 1887
- Russia + Germany - assured Russian neutrality In a Franco German war - new emperor Wilhelm II failed to renew treaty
30
Weltpolitik (World empire)
- Germany wanted colonies (had to improve navy for this) | - threatened british , started arms race
31
Schlieffen plan
- plan where germane could win a two front war - part of army defeat france and then transfer to Russian-German border (assumed Russia would take long to mobilize troups) - Germany violated belguim's neutraility bringing in Britain
32
Eastern Questions
-What is going to happen to eastern Europe when ottoman empire falls?
33
Pan-slavism
-slavs in eastern Europe looked to Russia as the big-brother of their independence hopes
34
Russo-Japanese war 1904-1905
- Japan attacked Russian fleet in port Arthur | - defeated russia
35
Revanche
-Wanted loost provinces of Alsace-lorraine
36
Plan 17
- French equilvalent to schlieffen plan | - overload French +german border to get into germany
37
Italia irreidentia
- provinces still under Austie-Hungary's control which is why Italy did not support A-H when war broke out - joined triple entent who promise her those territories
38
Causes of World War 1
1. Nationalism 2. Imperialism-German desire for empire,making it the enemy, A-H against Russia in Balkans 3. Militarism-arms race dreadnoughts: warships 4. Alliances - turned it from a war between two countries to a world war 5. Industrialization-more advance weaponry=more confidence 6. Navel rivalry
39
First Moroccan Crisis 1905-06
-Entente Cordiale promised France free hand in Morocco -Kaiser announced Morocco remain independent =direct challenge to France -at meeting in Spain German's lost (B sided with F) Significance: -B+F closer -B-G relations worse
40
Second Moroccan Crisis 1911
-Germany again threatening war over Morocco - Deal: G accepted France's control in exchange for part of French Congo Significance: -G increase naval strength -G-B completely estranged
41
Austrian Annexation of Bosnia 1908
-Russian only consent if G agreed to Russian warships in Mediterranean -G supported A-H if she and Russia went to war -B-F unwilling Significance: -Victory for Triple Alliance over Triple Entente -Serbia(Serbs in Bosnia) + Russians didn't get what they wanted
42
Balkan wars 1912-1913
Significance: - Serbia stronger more of a threat to A-H - Bulgaria +Romania went over to T alliance side - Increased preparedness for war
43
Balkan wars 1912-1913
Significance: - Serbia stronger more of a threat to A-H - Bulgaria +Romania went over to T alliance side - Increased prepardness for war
44
Sarajevo Crisis June 28 1914
- Archduke of Austria , Ferdinand assassinated in Sarajevo,Bosnia by Princep a member of Black Hand (Serbian terrorist group) - Germany gave A-H a Blank Cheque
45
Sphere of interest
- Care who controls it but doesn't need control of it | ex: British in Morocco
46
Sphere of interest
-Care
History 12
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