Unit 1 Bonding

Question 1

What group do noble gases belong to

Answer 1

Group 0

Question 2

What does noble gases have that other atoms don’t

Answer 2

Full outer energy levels

Question 3

How to other atoms make full energy levels

Answer 3

They must join with other elements to form compounds and reach a stable electron arrangement like the noble gases have

Question 4

What is a molecule

Answer 4

It’s when two or more non-metals form a covalent molecule

Question 5

What’s is a covalent bond

Answer 5

A covalent bond is the attraction of two positive nuclei for a shared pair of electrons

Question 6

What is a diatomic element

Answer 6

A diatomic element is 2 atoms bonded together through covalent bonding

Question 7

What are the 7 diatomic element

Answer 7

H, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I (Have No Fear Of Ice Cold Beer)

Question 8

What is this shape called?

Answer 8

Linear

Question 9

What is an example of a linear molecule

Answer 9

Diatomic molecule

Question 10

What is this shape called?

Answer 10

Angular

Question 11

What is an example of an angular molecule

Answer 11

Water

Question 12

What is this shape called?

Answer 12

Trigonal pyramidal

Question 13

What is an example of a trigonal pyramidal molecule

Answer 13

Ammonia

Question 14

What is this shape called?

Answer 14

Tetrahedral

Question 15

What is an example of a tetrahedral molecule

Answer 15

Methane

Question 16

Explain why covalent compounds have low melting and boiling point and do not conduct electricity

Answer 16

They have weakness forces of attraction between molecules so low melting and boiling points. They do not conduct electricity as they have weak forces of attraction between molecules

Question 17

What is a covalent network

Answer 17

A network of strong covalent bonds within one giant structure

Question 18

What type of boiling and melting point do covalent networks have and why?

Answer 18

Covalent networks have very high melting and boiling points because the network of strong covalent bonds is not easily broken

Question 19

Can covalent networks conduct electricity ? Why?

Answer 19

They cannot conduct electricity as they do not have charged particles which are free to move

Question 20

Can covalent molecules conduct electricity? Why?

Answer 20

No because they do not have charge particles which are free to move

Question 21

What kind of melting and boiling points do covalent molecules have? Why?

Answer 21

Covalent molecules have low melting and boiling points as they have strong covalent bonds between atoms but weak forces between molecules which means they are easier to melt

Question 22

When are ions formed?

Answer 22

Ions are formed when atoms lose or gain electrons to obtain a stable electron arrangement of a noble gas

Question 23

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 23

I like bonds are the electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions

Question 24

What is an ionic lattice?

Answer 24

Ionic compounds form lattice structures of oppositely charged ions with each positive ion surrounded by negative ions and each negative ion surrounded by positive ions

Question 25

All ionic substances are solids at room temperature with high melting and boiling points? why?

Answer 25

Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points because strong ionic bonds must be broken in order to break up the lattice

Question 26

What happens to ionic substances in solutions?

Answer 26

Many ionic compounds are soluble in water. As they dissolve the lattice structure breaks up allowing water molecules to surround the separated ions.

Question 28

Do ionic compounds conduct electricity

Answer 28

Ionic compounds conduct electricity only when molten or in solution as the lactic structure breaks up allowing the ion to be free to move

Question 29

How can the conduction of ionic compounds be explained?

Answer 29

By the movement of ions towards oppositely charged electrodes

Question 30

Electrolysis

Answer 30

Electrolysis is the decomposition of an ionic compound into its elements using electricity

Question 31

Why must a DC supply always be used during electrolysis?

Answer 31

A DC supply must be used to keep the charges on the electrons constant. This allows the products to be identified.

Question 32

What is metallic bonding?

Answer 32

Metallic bonding is the electrostatic force of attraction between positively charged ions and delocalised electrons

Question 33

Why do ionic substances not conduct electricity when solid?

Answer 33

They did not conduct electricity when solid as **ions are not free to move**

Question 34

What kind of melting/boiling points? The metallic bonding have?

Answer 34

Metallic bonding have high melting and boiling points

Question 35

Can metallic bonding conduct electricity?

Answer 35

Yes, metallic bonding can conduct electricity as a solid or molten

Question 36

Is metallic bonding soluble water?

Answer 36

Some metals e.g. alkali metals react with water, others insoluble i.e. copper.