Stochastic variables
Variables representing potential outcomes of a probabilistic event, an event to which we attribute a certain amount of uncertainty.
Probability distribution
A set of probabilities, defined over a state space such that each element of state space has one probability associated with it.
The sum of all probabilities must add to one.
Probability
A numerical value that quantifies the amount of uncertainty with which a particular outcome is realised.
This is a real number in the interval [0, 1], where 0 represents absolute certainty that the outcome will not be realised and 1 represents absolute certainty of its realisation.